Topical Minoxidil Exposures and Toxicoses in Dogs and Cats: 211 Cases (2001–2019)

August 2021 in “ The Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association/Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ”

Kathy Tater, Sharon M. Gwaltney‐Brant, Tina Wismer

topical minoxidil toxicosis clinical signs moderate to major illness Rogaine

Studysummary This study observed that accidental topical minoxidil exposure can cause toxicosis in dogs and cats, leading to moderate or major illness, and even death in some cats.

Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

This study analyzed 211 cases of topical minoxidil exposure in dogs and cats from 2001 to 2019, revealing that unintentional delivery during pet owners' application was the most common exposure circumstance for cats, while exploratory behavior was most common for dogs. Clinical signs of toxicosis were observed even with minimal exposure, with 56.0% of dogs and 59.7% of cats developing moderate to major illness. Notably, 12.9% of cats with clinical signs died. The findings highlight the need for pet owner education on the risks of accidental minoxidil exposure to prevent toxicosis in pets.

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Research cited in this study

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5 citations , January 2018 in “Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association”

This case report documents the first successful management of accidental minoxidil toxicosis in a dog, resulting in full recovery after treatment with supportive care, including medications for blood pressure and potential toxicity mitigation.

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12 citations , July 2015 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

This study observed that microneedling induced significant hair regrowth and reduced hyperpigmentation in two Pomeranians with alopecia X, with stable results over 12 months.

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13 citations , November 2014 in “Pediatric emergency care”

This study reports that the ingestion of a small amount of topical minoxidil by a child resulted in significant intoxication, suggesting the need for enhanced child-resistant packaging.

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This case report describes a potential drug-induced localized scleroderma in a Persian cat following the application of a 'spot-on' treatment.

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Minoxidil use in children may cause heart issues.

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Minoxidil effectively treats severe hypertension, but watch for side effects.

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29 citations , December 2003 in “Teratology”

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