Orchestration of Tissue-Scale Mechanics and Fate Decisions by Polarity Signaling

May 2021 in “ EMBO journal ”

Martim Gomes, Sandra Iden

cell polarity signaling tissue mechanics polarity proteins cytoskeleton spindle orientation cell division cell differentiation tissue morphogenesis homeostasis cancer progression wound healing

Studysummary This review discusses the role of polarity signaling in coordinating tissue mechanics, micro-environmental functions, and cell fate decisions, but it reports no new results, highlighting the need for further study in mammalian models. Our plain-language summary of this paper — not a Tressless recommendation.

The document discussed the intricate relationship between cell polarity signaling and tissue mechanics, emphasizing how polarity proteins and mechanical forces coordinated to influence cell fate and tissue organization. It highlighted the roles of various polarity protein complexes in establishing cellular asymmetry and their interactions with the cytoskeleton to sense and transmit mechanical forces. The study explored how spindle orientation, influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic cues, affected cell division and differentiation in different tissues. It underscored the importance of mechanical properties and polarity signaling in tissue morphogenesis, homeostasis, and their implications in cancer progression and wound healing.

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research Orchestration of Tissue-Scale Mechanics and Fate Decisions by Polarity Signaling

5 citations , May 2021 in “EMBO journal”

This review discusses the role of polarity signaling in coordinating tissue mechanics, micro-environmental functions, and cell fate decisions, but it reports no new results, highlighting the need for further study in mammalian models.

research Polarity Signaling Ensures Epidermal Homeostasis by Coupling Cellular Mechanics and Genomic Integrity

38 citations , July 2019 in “Nature Communications”

This study found that Par3 plays a crucial role in maintaining epidermal homeostasis by regulating Rho/actomyosin contractility and ensuring mitotic accuracy, with potential implications for other self-renewing epithelia.

research Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Traced Epidermal and Hair Follicle Stem Cells Reveals Rapid Adaptations During Wound Healing

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This study found that Lgr5 and Lgr6 stem cells both activated wound-healing genes, but only Lgr5 stem cells changed their identity to contribute to new skin formation during wound repair.

research Defining Stem Cell Dynamics and Migration During Wound Healing in Mouse Skin Epidermis

363 citations , March 2017 in “Nature Communications”

This study found that, in mouse tail epidermis, stem cells rapidly activate and regenerate new progenitors to repair wounds, with mechanisms affecting their proliferation, differentiation, and migration.

Essential Role of Polarity Protein Par3 for Epidermal Homeostasis Through Regulation of Barrier Function, Keratinocyte Differentiation, and Stem Cell Maintenance

research Essential Role of Polarity Protein Par3 for Epidermal Homeostasis Through Regulation of Barrier Function, Keratinocyte Differentiation, and Stem Cell Maintenance

26 citations , July 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

In this study, loss of epidermal Par3 in mice disrupted the skin barrier and affected cell differentiation and stem cell maintenance, highlighting its role in epidermal homeostasis.

research Hair Follicle Aging Is Driven by Transepidermal Elimination of Stem Cells via COL17A1 Proteolysis

242 citations , February 2016 in “Science”

This research found that Foxc1 transcription factor and COL17A1 are critical in regulating quiescence and hair thinning in hair follicle stem cells, with aging-related DNA damage leading to hair loss.