Spanlastic Nano-Vesicles: A Novel Approach to Improve the Dissolution, Bioavailability, and Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Famotidine

The study investigated the use of spanlastic nano-vesicles to enhance the bioavailability of famotidine, a poorly soluble drug. By incorporating famotidine into a nano-spanlastic delivery system using the ethanol injection method and optimizing the formulation, researchers achieved spanlastics with favorable characteristics such as small particle size (<200 nm), suitable polydispersity index (<0.4), and zeta potential (>-30 mV). The formulation demonstrated high entrapment efficiency and drug loading, ensuring its effectiveness for hydrophobic drug delivery. The drug release exhibited a biphasic pattern, providing a rapid onset and sustained effect. Overall, spanlastics improved famotidine's dissolution, drug release, membrane permeation, and pharmacokinetic behavior, enhancing its bioavailability.