TLDR UV radiation causes skin aging by damaging cells and triggering harmful processes.
This review explores the complex network of cellular and molecular mechanisms driving skin photoaging due to chronic UV radiation, which results in wrinkles, dyspigmentation, and loss of elasticity. It highlights key pathways such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, dysregulated autophagy, inflammatory cascades, and ECM degradation. The review emphasizes the roles and interactions among fibroblasts, keratinocytes, melanocytes, and immune cells, offering an integrated perspective on UV-induced skin aging. This comprehensive understanding of cellular crosstalk and the immune microenvironment provides a foundation for developing advanced anti-photoaging strategies.
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