Baricitinib-Loaded EVs Promote Alopecia Areata Mouse Hair Regrowth by Reducing JAK-STAT-Mediated Inflammation and Promoting Hair Follicle Regeneration

This study explores the use of baricitinib-loaded mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (EVs) for treating alopecia areata (AA) in a mouse model. Traditional oral administration of baricitinib, while effective, has significant side effects and poor long-term efficacy. The study found that local injection of baricitinib-loaded EVs (EV-B) significantly improved hair regrowth compared to control groups, with the EV-B group showing the best results. The enhanced effectiveness is attributed to improved drug delivery and the synergistic effects of EVs, which better inhibit the JAK-STAT pathway and upregulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These findings suggest that EV-B could be a promising new therapeutic approach for AA.