Integrating Proteomics Revealed Key Targets for Molecular Breeding of Fine Cashmere Traits in Cashmere Goats

This study analyzed the proteomics of cashmere fibers from 200 Inner Mongolia Alpas cashmere goats, identifying 79 proteins and 847 unique peptide sequences to understand fiber diameter variation. The research found 28 differentially expressed proteins, with key proteins like KRT1, KRT5, KRT14, KRT77, and KRT18 downregulated in finer fibers, suggesting their role in fiber diameter modulation. Enrichment analyses linked these proteins to cytoskeleton-related processes and the estrogen signaling pathway, indicating their importance in fiber development. The study provides potential targets for molecular breeding to improve cashmere quality, supporting the sustainable development of China's cashmere industry.