TLDR New LPA receptors (LPA4, LPA5, LPA6) have diverse roles in the body.
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) was initially known to function through three Edg family G protein-coupled receptors (LPA1, LPA2, and LPA3). However, the identification of a fourth receptor, LPA4, which is structurally distinct from the Edg family, led to the discovery of two more receptors, LPA5 and LPA6, homologous to LPA4. These non-Edg family LPA receptors expanded the understanding of LPA's diverse roles, including vascular development, platelet activation, and hair growth. The review summarized the identification, intracellular signaling, and biological functions of these novel LPA receptors.
210 citations,
February 2008 in “Nature genetics” Mutations in the P2RY5 gene cause autosomal recessive woolly hair.
194 citations,
November 2006 in “Science” A genetic mutation in the LIPH gene causes hair loss and growth defects.
31 citations,
October 2010 in “Progress in lipid research” LPA3 is crucial for embryo implantation and links LPA to prostaglandin signaling.
49 citations,
November 2021 in “Annual review of pathology” Lysophospholipids like LPA and S1P are important for hair growth, immune responses, and vascular development, and could be targeted for treating diseases.
20 citations,
January 2015 in “Biochimica and biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids” Lysophosphatidic acid affects sensory neurons and may cause neuropathic pain and itch.
24 citations,
December 2018 in “Life sciences” Lysophosphatidic acid is important for skin health and disease, and could be a target for new skin disorder treatments.
44 citations,
June 2017 in “The EMBO Journal” LPA3 signaling in the uterus is crucial for placental formation and fetal development.
