Beyond Circadian Rhythm: Melatonin as a Bio-Regulatory Molecule in Skin and Hair Aesthetics

Melatonin, traditionally known for regulating circadian rhythms, is now recognized for its role in skin protection and hair biology. It acts as a potent antioxidant, protecting the skin from UV radiation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, and stabilizes mitochondria. As part of the "melatoninergic antioxidant system," topical melatonin enhances DNA repair, reduces oxidative damage, and modulates inflammatory responses. It also influences hair follicle cycling, potentially extending the anagen phase to support hair renewal. This research underscores melatonin's potential therapeutic applications in dermatology and cosmetology, focusing on its biological roles in skin defense and hair repair.