Experimental and Computational Approaches for Measuring Minoxidil Solubility in Propylene Glycol and Water Mixtures at Different Temperatures

    February 2019 in “ Journal of Molecular Liquids ”
    Faezeh H. Pirhayati, Shahla Mirzaeei, Elaheh Rahimpour, Ghobad Mohammadi, Fleming Martínez, Shiva Taghe, Abolghasem Jouyban
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    TLDR Minoxidil dissolves better in propylene glycol and water as temperature and propylene glycol amount increase.
    The study from April 1, 2019, focused on the solubility of minoxidil in propylene glycol (PG) and water mixtures across temperatures from 293.2 K to 313.2 K. It was found that minoxidil solubility increased with the mass fraction of PG and temperature, peaking in pure PG at 313.2 K. The dissolution process was determined to be endothermic and entropically favorable, though not spontaneous. Minoxidil showed preferential solvation by water in water-rich mixtures and by PG when the PG mass fraction exceeded 0.19. The study utilized four cosolvency models to correlate the solubility data, with the Jouyban-Acree-van't Hoff model providing the most accurate predictions, as indicated by mean relative deviations (MRD%). The research, supported by a grant from the School of Pharmacy at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, offers valuable insights for pharmaceutical formulations of minoxidil.
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