Modulation of Macrophage Function by Bioactive Wound Dressings with an Emphasis on Extracellular Matrix-Based Scaffolds and Nanofibrous Composites

The document reviewed the potential of bioactive wound dressings, particularly extracellular matrix-based scaffolds and nanofibrous composites, in modulating macrophage function to enhance wound healing. These dressings promoted macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype, which is crucial for reducing inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration. Various strategies, including refining scaffold properties and incorporating immunomodulatory agents or stem cells, were explored to improve efficacy. Despite promising results, the document noted a lack of clinical trials, indicating a need for future studies to focus on clinical translation potential.