TLDR Swedish men with the E213 A-allele of the androgen receptor have a lower risk of prostate cancer.
In a study involving 12,121 men from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) and 1,120 men from the Swedish Osteoporotic fractures in men study (MrOS), researchers found that Swedish men with the androgen receptor E213 A-allele (H2 haplotype) had a 32% lower risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) compared to those with the H1 haplotype. The study, which included 628 men with PCa and 1,374 controls, supported previous research indicating a protective effect of the H2 haplotype against PCa in Europeans. The association was significant in the larger MDCS cohort but not in the smaller MrOS cohort. The research also considered the possibility of genotype-adjusted PSA levels but found no significant differences in tumor characteristics or mortality risk between haplotype carriers. The findings underscore the complex interplay between androgen receptor haplotypes, PCa risk, and other factors, and suggest that the biological mechanisms are influenced by a variety of factors. The study was funded by the Swedish Cancer Society and other Swedish research funds, and it benefited from the comprehensive data of the Swedish National Cancer Registry.
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