Insulin Resistance as a Risk Factor for the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Approach

    December 2021 in “ Acta Marisiensis ”
    Reka Annamaria Schmiedt, Robert Aurelian Tiucă, Raluca Maria Tilinca, Lucia Mihaela Custură, Oana Deteşan, Brigitta Irén Bacso, Bianca Larisa Abalasei, Andrew Bell, Maria Alexandra Streza, Mariana Tilincă
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    Studysummary This review discusses the clinical significance, mechanisms, and treatment options of insulin resistance, emphasizing its impact on endocrine diseases and the need for further research into inflammatory cytokines. Our plain-language summary of this paper — not a Tressless recommendation.
    The document "Insulin resistance as risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic approach" discusses the significant role of insulin resistance (IR) in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other endocrine diseases. Risk factors for IR include a sedentary lifestyle, diets high in saturated fats and refined carbohydrates, and genetic predisposition. IR is associated with conditions like T2DM, cardiovascular disease, essential hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and various types of cancer. The document also highlights the role of inflammatory cytokines in IR and the challenges in assessing IR in clinical practice. Non-pharmacological therapy for IR includes lifestyle changes, and if unsuccessful, drug treatment is needed. Metformin is the first-line therapy for overweight or obese subjects with T2DM. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying insulin sensitivity and IR remains a challenge.
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