Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Enhanced Drug Delivery to Treat Breast Cancer: Preparation and In Vitro Assessment

The study explored the development of tamoxifen-loaded chitosan enhanced human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles to improve the therapeutic efficacy of tamoxifen and reduce its harmful side effects, such as cardiotoxicity and hair loss, in breast cancer treatment. HSA, a highly soluble and biodegradable protein, was chosen for its preferential uptake in tumor tissues and lack of toxicity. The nanoparticles were 137 nm in size with a zeta potential of approximately +15 mV, and demonstrated biocompatibility and safety, as no cytotoxicity was observed with the empty nanoparticles. Under optimized conditions, about 80% of cells were successfully transfected with the HSA nanoparticles, indicating their potential as an effective carrier for anticancer drugs.