Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Monotheca Buxifolia Leaf Extract; Their Biological Activities and Use in Fabrication of Nano-Biosensor

This study explored the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using Monotheca buxifolia leaf extract and evaluated their biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hair growth effects. ZnONPs demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, particularly against Salmonella typhi, with the lowest MIC and MBC values recorded at 60 and 90 µg/mL, respectively. Antioxidant potential was confirmed through DPPH and ABTS assays, showing notable free radical scavenging activity. In hair growth experiments using rabbits, ZnONPs moderately enhanced hair growth rates. Additionally, a ZnONPs-based biosensor was developed, effectively detecting bacterial strains by correlating current with bacterial population. Overall, ZnONPs exhibited superior antioxidant, antimicrobial, and hair growth activities compared to the leaf extract, though further research was recommended to confirm these findings.