TLDR The document concludes that facial feminization surgery improves psychological well-being and social acceptance for transgender individuals.
The document discusses the surgical procedures involved in facial feminization surgery (FFS), focusing on the forehead, orbits, eyebrows, eyes, and nose. Techniques such as forehead contouring, brow lift, orbital bony contouring, rhinoplasty, and eye reshaping are detailed. The paper concludes that these procedures significantly contribute to feminizing the face, enhancing the patient's psychological well-being and social acceptance. It also highlights the importance of understanding male and female facial characteristics for successful FFS. The document notes that only 25% of transgender individuals desiring surgical transitioning have access to it, calling for increased awareness and formal training to improve outcomes. The paper also emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary team for surgical planning and patient care.
7 citations,
November 2018 in “Plastic Surgery” The Mitek Microfix QuickAnchor is effective and safe for endoscopic brow lifts.
17 citations,
February 2018 in “British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery” Forehead reduction and orbital contouring are important for satisfactory facial feminization in transgender females, with high satisfaction and low long-term problems.
157 citations,
May 2016 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery/PSEF CD journals” Facial feminization surgery is safe and patients are satisfied, but more detailed research is needed.
2295 citations,
August 2012 in “The international journal of transgenderism/International journal of transgenderism” The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.
134 citations,
June 2012 in “International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery” Facial feminization surgery is effective in helping transgender women appear more feminine and has high patient satisfaction.
131 citations,
September 2010 in “The Laryngoscope” Forehead modification greatly increases the perception of femininity and is a safe procedure.
2 citations,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document concludes that individualized Facial Feminization Surgery plans and comprehensive care are crucial for successful outcomes.
39 citations,
October 2018 in “Aesthetic surgery journal” Injectables can feminize or masculinize a transgender person's face, but more research is needed for best practices.
38 citations,
February 2016 in “Surgery Journal” Facial plastic surgery has evolved to focus on less invasive techniques and innovative technologies for cosmetic and reconstructive procedures.
December 2008 in “The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery” Multi-pass laser skin treatments improved healing, reduced pain, and had no major complications.
3 citations,
January 2021 Non-surgical treatments like thread lifts, PRP therapy, HIFU, and radiofrequency effectively rejuvenate and tighten facial skin.
