The Progress of Epidermal Stem Cell Research

The document discussed the characteristics and localization of epidermal stem cells, which were essential for continuous epidermal renewal. It highlighted that these stem cells were small, slow-cycling, and adhered strongly to the basement membrane. Initially thought to be localized in the bulge area of hair follicles, it was later suggested that they contributed to wound healing, while interfollicular keratinocytes maintained themselves in a steady state. The fate of stem cells in the bulge area was influenced by b-catenin levels, with sufficient expression leading to follicular epithelium differentiation and lack thereof leading to epidermis differentiation. The identification of epidermal stem cells relied on surface markers like b1integrin, a6integrin, and others, while internal markers included Keratin 15, 19, and p63. Additionally, the transcription factor Blimp1 was noted for its role in sebaceous gland differentiation.