Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Alopecia Areata Management with Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Children: Retrospective Cohort Study

December 2025 in “ Педиатрическая фармакология ”

Alexander I. Materikin, Vladislav V. Ivanchikov, Anastasia D. Kuzminova

alopecia areata Janus kinase inhibitors tofacitinib SALT score CDLQI score phototherapy

TLDR Tofacitinib is more effective than traditional treatments for severe alopecia areata in children.

This retrospective cohort study evaluated the efficacy of Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib in treating severe alopecia areata in children. The study included two groups: one treated with tofacitinib and the other with external therapy and phototherapy. After 16 weeks, the tofacitinib group showed a significant reduction in alopecia severity (SALT score decreased to 36.33) and improved quality of life (CDLQI score decreased to 3.13), outperforming the second group. The study concluded that tofacitinib is more effective than traditional methods, although the small sample size was a limitation.

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Research cited in this study

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research Modern Management Approaches for Alopecia Areata

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Janus kinase inhibitors effectively treat alopecia areata but may cause relapses and have long-term safety concerns.

research British Association of Dermatologists Living Guideline for Managing People with Alopecia Areata 2024

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The guideline provides recommendations for managing alopecia areata effectively.

research Inhibition of T-Cell Activity in Alopecia Areata: Recent Developments and New Directions

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New treatments targeting T-cell pathways are needed for better alopecia areata management.

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The medicine baricitinib was found to notably improve hair regrowth in alopecia areata, but more research is needed on its side effects and other treatments.

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20 citations , March 2023 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”

Baricitinib improved severe hair loss in adults over 52 weeks and was safe to use.

research The National Pediatric Alopecia Areata Registry in Russia: An Overview

September 2022 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

The registry showed that tofacitinib is promising for treating hair loss in children with alopecia areata, but more research is needed.

research Alopecia Areata: An Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

290 citations , August 2021 in “Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating alopecia areata, but more research is needed.

research Brazilian Experience of Treating Alopecia Universalis with Novel Antirheumatic Therapy Tofacitinib: A Case Series

16 citations , July 2017 in “Rheumatology and Therapy”

Tofacitinib, a medication for arthritis, showed potential for treating severe hair loss in a small Brazilian case series, but more research is needed.

research Combination Therapy with Zinc Gluconate and PUVA for Alopecia Areata Totalis: An Adjunctive but Crucial Role of Zinc Supplementation

16 citations , March 2015 in “Dermatologic therapy”

Zinc supplementation may be an important part of treating severe hair loss.

research Killing Two Birds with One Stone: Oral Tofacitinib Reverses Alopecia Universalis in a Patient with Plaque Psoriasis

185 citations , June 2014 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A man with severe hair loss and skin disease regrew his hair with no side effects after taking tofacitinib.

research Current Treatment of Alopecia Areata

71 citations , December 2013 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings”

There are no FDA-approved treatments for Alopecia Areata, and current options have varying success and relapse rates.

research The Pattern and Profile of Alopecia Areata in Singapore: A Study of 219 Asians

275 citations , November 2002 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Alopecia areata mainly affects young people and has significant psychological impacts, especially in males.

research Profile of Alopecia Areata: A Questionnaire Analysis of Patients and Families

161 citations , March 1992 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Alopecia areata often starts before age 20, is more common in women, and may have a genetic link with other autoimmune diseases.

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