Autoimmunity in Satoyoshi Disease: A Systematic Review

    July 2022 in “ medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) ”
    Vinícius Viana Abreu Montanaro, Julián Solís García del Pozo, Thiago Falcão Hora, Beatriz Leon, Carlos de Cabo, Javier Solera
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    TLDR Satoyoshi syndrome is likely an autoimmune disease that mainly affects young women and improves with immune-related treatments.
    This systematic review analyzed 77 cases of Satoyoshi syndrome (SS) from 57 articles published between 1967 and 2021. SS predominantly affects women (76.6%) with a mean age of diagnosis at 21.2 years. All patients experienced painful muscle spasms and alopecia, with other common symptoms including diarrhea, malabsorption, growth retardation, amenorrhea, and bone deformities. SS was associated with various autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies, particularly antinuclear antibodies found in 21 patients. Pharmacological treatments, mainly corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and immunoglobulins, led to improvement in 90% of cases, supporting an autoimmune etiology for SS. Further studies are needed to systematically determine autoantibodies in SS patients to enhance understanding of the disease.
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