Alopecia Areata

Alopecia areata (AA) is a prevalent, non-scarring hair loss condition that can lead to spontaneous hair regrowth and relapses. It manifests as circular, patchy hair loss without inflammation or scarring, and can progress to total scalp (AA totalis) or complete body hair loss (AA universalis). Dermatoscopy is a valuable tool for diagnosis and monitoring, revealing signs like exclamation-mark hairs, broken hairs, and black dots, which indicate active disease. Yellow dots are common in both acute and chronic forms, while vellus hairs signal early regrowth.