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    Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Aging: A Histopathological, Morphometric, and Immunohistochemical Study of Estrogen Receptor β and Androgen Receptor

    January 2016 in “ Skin Pharmacology and Physiology ”
    Iman Seleit, Ola Ahmed Bakry, Hala Saed El Repey, Raghdaa Ali
    Studysummary This study observed that estrogen receptor β and androgen receptor expressions in the skin decline with age, more noticeably under sun exposure, suggesting a role in skin aging.
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    Research cited in this study 11

    1. Androgen Receptor Accelerates Premature Senescence of Human Dermal Papilla Cells in Association with DNA Damage PLOS ONE · 2013
    2. Polymorphic CAG Repeat Numbers in the Androgen Receptor Gene of Female Pattern Hair Loss Patients Journal of Dermatology · 2010
    3. Effect of Estrogens on Skin Aging and the Potential Role of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Climacteric · 2007
    4. Hirsutism and the Variable Response of the Pilosebaceous Unit to Androgens Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings · 2005
    5. Genetic Variation in the Human Androgen Receptor Gene Is the Major Determinant of Common Early-Onset Androgenetic Alopecia American Journal of Human Genetics · 2005
    6. Androgen Action on Human Skin – From Basic Research to Clinical Significance Experimental dermatology · 2004
    7. The Distribution of Estrogen Receptor Beta Is Distinct to That of Estrogen Receptor Alpha and the Androgen Receptor in Human Skin and the Pilosebaceous Unit Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings · 2003
    8. 17β-Estradiol Inhibits the Production of RANTES in Human Keratinocytes Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2003
    9. Skin Aging and Menopause: Implications for Treatment American Journal of Clinical Dermatology · 2003
    10. The Biology of Hair Follicles The New England Journal of Medicine · 1999
    11. Balding Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells Contain Higher Levels of Androgen Receptors Than Those From Non-Balding Scalp Journal of Endocrinology · 1998