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Glossary Toll-like receptors

proteins on immune cells that detect pathogens and trigger responses

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are proteins found on the surface of certain cells that play a crucial role in the immune system by recognizing and responding to pathogens like bacteria and viruses. They act as sentinels, detecting foreign molecules and triggering an immune response to help protect the body from infections.

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research Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4): new insight immune and aging

15 citations , November 2023 in “Immunity & ageing”

This review highlights the role of the receptor TLR4 in cellular aging and age-related diseases, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target due to its contribution to persistent inflammation and symptom regulation in these conditions.

research Evaluation of Serum Toll-Like Receptor 4, Interferon Gamma, and Interleukin-17 Levels in Iraqi Patients with Alopecia Areata

March 2026 in “European journal of ecology, biology and agriculture.”

This study found significantly higher levels of Toll-Like Receptor 4, interferon gamma, and interleukin-17 in Iraqi patients with alopecia areata compared to controls, suggesting these immune markers play a crucial role in the disease's development and could be targets for future treatments.

research Toll-Like Receptor Function in Acute Wounds

65 citations , May 2017 in “Advances in wound care”

This review discusses the role of Toll-like receptors in wound healing and highlights their potential therapeutic value but notes that their role in human wound healing and chronic wounds is not well understood.

research The L412F variant of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is associated with cutaneous candidiasis, increased susceptibility to cytomegalovirus, and autoimmunity

55 citations , November 2010 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology”

This study found that the TLR3 L412F genetic variant is associated with severe viral infections, especially CMV, and immune dysfunction in a subgroup of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis patients.

research Toll-like receptor-targeted anti-tumor therapies: Advances and challenges

44 citations , November 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

This review discusses the role of toll-like receptors in cancer treatment, providing an overview of pre-clinical studies and clinical trials on TLR-targeted therapies and noting the challenges and future prospects.

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community Why does MPB only affect the scalp

in Research/Science 14 upvotes 1 year ago

Male pattern baldness (MPB) may be influenced by androgen receptors in scalp hair follicles and potentially poor blood flow. Transplanted hair is not immune to DHT, and factors like inflammation and scalp tension might also contribute to hair loss.

community 2 months of difference with estradiol and spiro (4 months total w/ estradiol & spiro; 4 years of minoxidil and finasteride) (you should not take estradiol or spiro if you look manly and want to continue looking manly)

122 upvotes 1 year ago

Hair regrowth using estradiol, spironolactone, minoxidil, and finasteride, showing significant improvement over four years. HRT is not advised for cis men solely for hair loss due to feminizing effects.

community Oral Minoxidil Secret Very important

in Minoxidil 237 upvotes 1 year ago

Oral minoxidil can cause side effects like shortness of breath and constipation, which may be reduced by taking it in the morning. Some users experience no side effects, while others switch to topical treatments or adjust their dosage and timing to manage symptoms.

community I’m considering stopping finasteride

in Finasteride/Dutasteride 157 upvotes 9 months ago

The user is considering stopping finasteride due to depression, anxiety, and difficulty building muscle, despite its effectiveness in stopping hair loss. Suggestions include reducing the dose, switching to topical solutions, or consulting a doctor for alternatives like dutasteride or RU58841.

community Can we stop fear mongering with finasteride

in Finasteride/Dutasteride 285 upvotes 11 months ago

Finasteride is effective for hair loss but can cause sexual dysfunction and mental health issues in some users, leading to a polarized debate on its risks. Some switch to alternatives like Dutasteride or topical treatments to avoid side effects.

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Tolle & LockeWaltershausen, Thüringen · DE

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