20 citations,
July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology” Thioglycolate lotions are the most popular method for permanent waving and hair straightening.
37 citations,
October 2015 in “PeerJ” Perming significantly changes hair's molecular structure, while shampoo and conditioner do not.
18 citations,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
150 citations,
July 2001 in “Clinics in dermatology” Proper haircare and communication with doctors are key to managing hair loss and avoiding damage.
February 2022 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Permanent hair waving uses chemicals to create long-lasting curls.
13 citations,
September 2017 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Thioglycerol treatment at pH 9.0 with ammonia causes less hair damage and better waving than thioglycolic acid.
45 citations,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
9 citations,
June 1947 in “Analytical Chemistry” Cold waving solutions quickly reduce cystine to cysteine in hair.
January 2013 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” CMADK reduces hair damage from bleaching and permanent waving.
16 citations,
October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride improves hair waving permanence without damage.
53 citations,
July 2016 in “Cosmetics” Future hair cosmetics will be safer and more effective.
11 citations,
January 2000 in “Journal of cosmetic science” Hydrolyzed wheat proteins penetrate all hair types effectively.
4 citations,
August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” Chemical treatments on bleached black hair change its internal structure by breaking and reforming bonds, and treatments with hydrolyzed eggwhite protein help repair it.
3 citations,
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” Hair care products clean, protect, style, color, and change hair structure.
3 citations,
January 2007 in “Journal of health science” The enzymatic method can effectively identify chemical treatments on hair.
3 citations,
October 2006 in “Journal of dermatology” X-ray microscopy can non-invasively show hair structure changes after treatments, but it's less detailed than TEM and needs improvement.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
Lightly perming scalp hair can lead to new hair growth, potentially treating baldness.
72 citations,
July 2003 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Frequent hair coloring and styling can damage hair and cause breakage or loss.
January 2013 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Microfibrils are key for permanent waves, and hydrolyzed keratin improves wave formation and hair condition.
2 citations,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Washing permed hair after using thioglycolic acid helps reform strong bonds, making hair stronger.
September 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Protein hair straighteners damage the hair more than hair dyes.
63 citations,
August 1996 in “Forensic Science International” Cosmetic treatments like bleaching and perming can greatly reduce opiate levels in hair, possibly leading to false-negative drug tests.
36 citations,
August 2011 in “Journal of dermatological science” Human hair has a protective lipid layer that can be damaged by moisture and treatments, affecting hair growth and health.
29 citations,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
25 citations,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” Bleaching hair causes significant damage by breaking down proteins and fatty acids.
13 citations,
January 2007 in “Epilepsia” Valproic acid can cause reversible hair curling and persistent hair thinning.
10 citations,
November 2012 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Certain diseases like AIDS and lupus can make African hair become silky.
8 citations,
October 2014 in “Journal of analytical toxicology.” Chemical hair straightening significantly reduces detectable drug levels in hair.
6 citations,
November 1988 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The document concludes that hair analysis is not good for assessing nutrition but can detect long-term heavy metal exposure.