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Spermidine may help reduce hair loss and deserves further testing as a treatment.

Healthy mitochondria in skin cells are essential for proper hair growth and skin cell interaction in mice.

Hair follicles significantly enhance electroosmotic transport during iontophoresis.

PPAR-γ helps control skin oil glands and inflammation, and its disruption can cause hair loss diseases.

P-cadherin is crucial for hair follicle pigmentation but not skin pigmentation.

Telogen Effluvium is a condition causing excessive hair loss due to stress, illness, drugs, or hormonal changes, and can be treated with specific products or naturally resolves after 3-4 years.

Human skin can be reconnected to nerves using stem cells, which may help with skin health and healing.

The review concludes that innovations in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and developmental biology are essential for effective tissue repair and organ transplants.

3D cell cultures are better for testing hair growth treatments than 2D cultures.

New methods to test hair growth treatments have been developed.

Enzymes are classified into six types and are essential for many biological processes, with only a few targeted by drugs.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

A 7-year-old boy with a brain tumor developed early puberty, which was successfully treated with medication.

The article concludes that better understanding gene regulation related to seasonal changes can offer insights into the mechanisms of seasonal timing in mammals.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

The document concludes that the hCG protocol may help in obesity treatment and could be scientifically justified, but more research is needed.

AMH helps estimate ovarian reserve but doesn't predict pregnancy chances; age is more important.

Skin changes can help diagnose and manage endocrine disorders like thyroid problems, diabetes, and adrenal gland conditions.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

The patient's high testosterone was reduced by a medication that suppresses gonadotropin.

Metformin lowers prolactin in women without PCOS but not in those with PCOS, where it reduces other hormones instead.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.

A small number of premenopausal female blood donors had high prolactin levels, often due to stress, and retesting is recommended to prevent misdiagnosis.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

Hormonal changes during and after pregnancy can cause hair growth changes and hair loss, with treatments available for some conditions.

A woman with Cushing's syndrome improved after surgery to remove a tumor causing the condition.