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Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.

A boy with a new NR5A1 gene mutation has a sex development disorder without affecting his adrenal glands.

An 8-year-old boy's early puberty was caused by a rare hormone-secreting brain tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.

The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.

The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

Women with type 1 diabetes often have polycystic ovary syndrome and excess male hormones, which are frequently undiagnosed.

Mouflon rams mature gradually with changes in body, horns, and hormones linked to age and seasons, reaching full sexual maturity well after puberty.

Hormonal treatments can help with acne but are not the first choice due to side effects and the need for careful patient selection.

Women with PCOS often have skin problems like excessive hair, acne, hair loss, and dark patches, which can be treated with hormonal and non-hormonal therapies.

Many young women who donate blood have hormonal disorders like excess male hormones and PCOS.

Hirsutism is a strong sign of high male hormones and metabolic problems in women with PCOS, but acne and hair loss are not.

Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.

Low SHBG and high FAI, FT, and DHEAS levels are effective in identifying PCOS.

Different types of androgens bind differently to two receptors, AR1 and AR2, in Atlantic croaker's brain and ovarian tissues, suggesting these receptors may control different androgen actions in fish.

Metformin has limited effectiveness for improving PCOS symptoms and lacks clear benefits, needing more research to confirm its efficacy.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common disorder causing symptoms like acne and infertility, and it's managed based on symptoms, not just test results. Treatment can improve fertility and reduce miscarriage risk.

The enzyme that changes testosterone to a stronger form is mostly found in the part of the hair follicle called the dermal papilla.

Metformin and rosiglitazone both improved insulin use and hormonal symptoms in women with PCOS.

Asian hair is generally straight and thick, with unique disorders and properties, and more research is needed to understand it fully.

Insulin-lowering medications show promise for PCOS symptoms but can't be the main treatment yet due to limited long-term research.

A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.

Stress and alcohol affect brain chemicals differently in rats, mice, and humans, influenced by genetic differences.

Certain 4-azasteroids are effective at blocking the enzyme that processes testosterone in human skin and could help treat acne, excessive hair growth, and male pattern baldness.

Large prostate links to more hair loss, but age of onset doesn't affect it.

APS-1 in Italy shows diverse AIRE mutations and various autoimmune issues.

People who carry the 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency gene are not more likely to have excessive male hormone levels.

A team approach is crucial for managing PCOS, with dermatologists playing a key role.

Finasteride reduces alcohol withdrawal effects, especially in female mice.

Early onset baldness in men may indicate a condition similar to PCOS, linked to heart disease, diabetes, and prostate issues.