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The cause of alopecia areata is likely a mix of genetics, immune system issues, and environmental factors, with more research needed to understand it fully.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune hair loss condition that needs more research for better treatments.

Chronic scalp pain in trichodynia involves both body-wide and localized increased pain sensitivity.

The document suggests various treatments for PCOS, including medication for menstrual issues, insulin resistance, and excess hair, as well as fertility treatments, while highlighting the need for personalized care and lifestyle changes.

Photodynamic therapy was effective in treating multiple scalp basal cell carcinomas with minimal side effects and good cosmetic results.

Stopping minoxidil caused significant hair loss, but regrowth occurred after resuming use.

Alfacalcidiol and metformin together lowered testosterone in women with PCOS, but did not significantly improve acne, hair growth, or pregnancy rates.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

New treatments for excessive hair growth in women include insulin modulators and enzyme inhibitors.

Women with PCOS-related infertility can often conceive with treatments like clomiphene and metformin, but managing pregnancy complications is important.

Researchers found that most genes affecting drug responses are not fully covered by commercial SNP chips, suggesting the need for more comprehensive tools to optimize drug selection based on genetics.

Some patients using Minoxidil for baldness developed allergic skin reactions.

Early treatment and lifestyle changes are important for managing PCOS in young people to prevent long-term health issues.

Hirsutism is too much hair growth in women like the pattern in men, often caused by high male hormones, and can be treated with hormone control and hair removal methods.

PXX is an effective and affordable photocatalyst for creating new chemical bonds in organic synthesis.

Removing a methyl group from the ITGAV gene speeds up bone formation in a specific type of bone disease model.

Some treatments can help hair regrowth in alopecia areata, but none offer a cure, and effectiveness varies.

Idiopathic hirsutism causes excessive hair growth in women, can be treated with medication and hair removal, but cannot be fully reversed.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas but hair loss on the scalp.

Many potential alopecia treatments need more testing to confirm they promote acceptable hair growth with minimal side effects.

The conclusion is that metformin is a first-line treatment for PCOS, particularly for restoring ovulation and increasing pregnancy rates, with other treatments depending on specific symptoms.

The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms, regulating periods, and reducing health risks, with specific medications for fertility and metabolic issues.

The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms and reducing long-term metabolic risks, with lifestyle changes being important.

Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.

Western diet may cause male pattern baldness; low glycemic diet with magnesium could help.

Hormone therapy may increase migraines in transgender women and decrease them in transgender men; more research is needed on migraine management in transgender individuals.

Clinicians should understand tattoos to manage health issues, as tattoos can cause complications and affect medical assessments.

A sick foal with Rhodococcus equi pneumonia was successfully treated for multiple complications with targeted therapy and careful monitoring.

Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of alopecia in children relies on thorough examination and history, and while treatments exist, none can alter the course of alopecia areata, which can significantly affect a child's psychological well-being.