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Tree leaves and lichens can effectively indicate air pollution levels in cities.

Quercetin-loaded nanoparticles can penetrate skin, minimize hair loss, and promote hair regrowth, showing slightly better results than a marketed product.

Targeted anticancer therapies can cause severe side effects similar to traditional chemotherapy, but with different types.

Stem cells help heal skin wounds by moving and changing roles, working with other cells, and needing more research on their activation and behavior.

Skin-derived stem cells can become various cell types, including germ cell-like and oocyte-like cells.

Epidermal stem cells have various roles in skin beyond just maintenance, including forming specialized structures and aiding in skin repair and regeneration.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Corticosteroids, especially prednisone, improve short-term muscle strength in Duchenne muscular dystrophy but have manageable side effects.

Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

SHISA6 helps maintain certain stem cells in mouse testes by blocking signals that would otherwise cause them to differentiate.

Notch-related genes play a key role in the development and cycling of hair follicles.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and baldness, but may cause limited urinary improvement and sex-related side effects.

The document concludes that inhalation of oxygen and sumatriptan injections are primary for cluster headaches, indomethacin for paroxysmal hemicrania, and lidocaine and lamotrigine for SUNCT, but SUNCT often resists treatment.

Active oxygen species might be involved in skin tumor growth, but their exact role is unclear.

Men need higher doses of botox than women and a different approach for facial aesthetics due to their unique facial features and muscle mass.

Bimatoprost 0.03% is as effective as minoxidil 2% for eyebrow growth.

Tacrolimus causes fewer acute rejections than cyclosporin A in kidney transplants but doesn't necessarily improve kidney function after one year; cardiovascular risks and side effects vary between the two drugs.

Hormones affect skin aging, and treatments targeting hormonal balance may improve skin health.

Blocking YAP/TAZ could be a new way to treat skin cancer.

Keratosis pilaris is often linked to genetic mutations and causes skin and hair abnormalities, regardless of those mutations.

Blocking Janus kinase 1 helps stop inflammation and regrow hair, making it a good treatment for hair loss from alopecia areata.

Statins may help treat PCOS by lowering androgen levels and improving cholesterol.

Melatonin, usually known for sleep regulation, also has antioxidant properties that can protect skin, stimulate hair growth, and improve skin conditions, with topical application being more effective than oral use.

Melatonin may help treat PCOS symptoms in rats.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) can prevent hair graying in mice.

Melatonin, a hormone, can help protect skin from aging by reducing stress, inflammation, and damage, and may also help treat hair loss in women.

Conditioning agents, especially jojoba oil and lauryl PEG/PPG-18/18 methicone, protect and strengthen chemically straightened Afro-ethnic hair.

Some plants with flavonoids may help treat hair loss and promote hair growth.

Korean Red Ginseng may protect against hair loss caused by chemotherapy.