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Effective PCOS treatments require targeting specific signaling pathways.

Mouse touch-sensitive nerve cells adjust their connections based on competition with other similar cells.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

Hair cortisol levels can show increased stress during late pregnancy but only for up to six months.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Improving artificial vascular grafts requires better materials and surface designs to reduce blood clotting and support blood vessel cell growth.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

The Rotterdam Study updated findings on elderly health, focusing on heart disease, genetics, lifestyle effects, and disease understanding.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Certain proteins, Lgr5 and Lgr6, are important markers of adult stem cells and are involved in tissue repair and cancer development.

The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.

Msx and Dlx genes are crucial for development, controlling cell behaviors like growth and differentiation through their roles as gene regulators.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

Capsaicin, found in chili peppers, can slow down hair growth by affecting skin cells and hair follicles.

A substance called DKK-1 increases in balding areas and causes hair cells to die when exposed to DHT.

Some skin medications are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but others can harm the baby and should be avoided.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Understanding different types of skin cells, especially fibroblasts, can lead to better treatments for wound healing and less scarring.

Pregnancy can cause skin darkening, varicose veins, more sweating, hair growth, hair loss after birth, nail changes, and gum inflammation.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Probiotic bacteria improved skin and hair health in aged mice.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Platelet-rich plasma might help with hair growth and skin conditions, but more research is needed to prove its effectiveness and safety.

Fetal wound healing changes with development, affecting inflammation and collagen, which may influence scarring.

The document concludes that hair is complex, with a detailed growth cycle, structure, and clinical importance, affecting various scientific and medical fields.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

A genetic region near the PAX1 gene is linked to a higher risk of scoliosis in females.