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Acne affects most teenagers and can continue into adulthood, with various treatments available that show improvement but have concerns like antibiotic resistance and side effects.

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.

Guidelines suggest various treatments for alopecia areata, but leaving it untreated is also an option as 80% cases may recover on their own.

Menopause can lead to skin and hair problems due to hormonal changes, but hormone replacement therapy might help slow these effects.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

Accurate diagnosis and effective oral treatment are key to managing tinea capitis and preventing its spread.

K_ATP channel gene mutations are linked to heart diseases, but more research is needed to understand the connection and treatment potential.

Estrogen replacement can improve skin health in menopausal women but doesn't reverse sun damage or prevent hair loss.

Tempol is safe and may prevent hair loss from brain radiotherapy.

Over one-third of women experience hair loss, with female-pattern hair loss being most common, and treatments include minoxidil and possibly hair transplantation.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising treatments for autoimmune skin diseases like eczema and psoriasis.

The document describes how to tell different types of non-scarring hair loss apart by looking at hair and scalp tissue under a microscope.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a big role in acne, but most acne sufferers don't have a hormone disorder. Hormonal treatments, including birth control pills, can be very effective for women whose acne doesn't improve with regular treatments.

Minoxidil effectively treats hair loss, but use cautiously and monitor side effects.

New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.

ICG-enhanced NIR laser therapy may be a promising acne treatment with improvement and no side effects.

COVID-19 can cause skin issues like rashes and "COVID toes," and people with skin conditions should adjust their treatments if they get the virus.

Fullerenes show potential in skin care but need more safety research.

Scientists created stem cells that can grow hair and skin.

The conclusion is that early diagnosis and a multi-system treatment approach are crucial for managing PCOS and its associated health risks.

Cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop alopecia, but some hair regrowth is possible with treatment.

Gynecologists should provide comprehensive care for transgender patients, including mental health evaluation, hormone therapy, and surgical options, while monitoring for side effects and ensuring patient safety.

The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.

Larger spheroids improve hair growth, but size doesn't guarantee thicker hair.

Environmental factors, hormones, nutrition, and stress all significantly affect skin health and aging.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.

Minoxidil and finasteride are effective for male hair loss, minoxidil for female hair loss, and various treatments like corticosteroids work for alopecia areata; treatment should be tailored to the individual.