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    Glossary Nail Matrix

    tissue under the nail base that produces nail cells

    The nail matrix, also known as the matrix unguis or matrix of the nail, is the tissue located under the base of the nail, beneath the cuticle. It is responsible for producing the cells that become the nail plate, and its health and function are crucial for proper nail growth and formation. Damage to the nail matrix can result in permanent changes to the nail.

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    1. Patterns of expression of trichocytic and epithelial cytokeratins in mammalian tissues II. Concomitant and mutually exclusive synthesis of trichocytic and epithelial cytokeratins in diverse human and bovine tissues (hair follicle, nail bed and matrix, lingual papilla, thymic reticulum) Differentiation · 1988 · 187 citations
    2. Immunology of the Human Nail Apparatus: The Nail Matrix Is a Site of Relative Immune Privilege Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2005 · 139 citations
    3. Induction of Hard Keratin Expression in Non-Nail-Matrical Keratinocytes by Nail-Matrical Fibroblasts through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · 2003 · 25 citations
    4. Nail Matrix Pathology in Cronkhite–Canada Syndrome: The First Case Report American Journal of Dermatopathology · 2017 · 8 citations
    5. Expression of hair keratins in the adult nail unit: an immunohistochemical analysis of the onychogenesis in the proximal nail fold, matrix and nail bed British Journal of Dermatology · 2004 · 110 citations
    6. A mutation in the hair matrix and cuticle keratin KRTHB5 gene causes ectodermal dysplasia of hair and nail type Journal of Medical Genetics · 2006 · 60 citations
    7. Keratin expression in the normal nail unit: markers of regional differentiation British Journal of Dermatology · 2000 · 119 citations
    8. The Nude Mutant Gene Foxn1 Is a HOXC13 Regulatory Target during Hair Follicle and Nail Differentiation 2010 · 68 citations
    9. Localization of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 2 (PAI-2) in Hair and Nail: Implications for Terminal Differentiation 1998 · 42 citations
    10. Colocalization of Cystatin M/E and its Target Proteases Suggests a Role in Terminal Differentiation of Human Hair Follicle and Nail 2008 · 22 citations
    11. Cultured nail keratinocytes express hard keratins characteristic of nail and hair in vivo Archives of dermatological research · 1992 · 16 citations
    12. Comparative Spatial Transcriptomic and Single-Cell Analyses of Human Nail Units and Hair Follicles Show Transcriptional Similarities between the Onychodermis and Follicular Dermal Papilla 2022 · 10 citations
    13. Sterile matrix grafting for onycholysis in the setting of valproic acid use JAAD Case Reports · 2015 · 4 citations
    14. Scarring alopecia and nail loss in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita The Journal of Dermatology · 2024 · 1 citations
    15. Nail Changes in Chilblains Mimicking Lichen Planus Journal of clinical & experimental dermatology research · 2018 · 1 citations
    16. Minoxidil Beyond Hair: A Comprehensive Review of Its Effects on Nail Growth Journal of Clinical Medicine · 2026
    17. 0447 Minoxidil for onychodystrophy: Can this hair loss remedy be a nail growth remedy? Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2025
    18. Topical minoxidil for nail growth: A conventional medication with a novel indication Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · 2023
    19. Nail lichen planus in a patient with alopecia totalis Dermatology online journal · 2015
    20. Inflammatory and non-melanocytic tumoral pathology of the nail Pathology · 2014
    21. Supplementary Material for: Nail Involvement in Refractory Pediatric Alopecia Areata: A Duration-Dependent Finding Figshare · 2026
    22. Supplementary Material for: Nail Involvement in Refractory Pediatric Alopecia Areata: A Duration-Dependent Finding Figshare · 2026
    23. Acquired Localized Longitudinal Pachyonychia and Onychomatrical Tumors: A Comparative Study to Onychomatricomas (5 Cases) and Onychocytic Matricomas (4 Cases) American Journal of Dermatopathology · 2016 · 18 citations
    24. Patterns of expression of trichocytic and epithelial cytokeratins in mammalian tissues Differentiation · 1988 · 124 citations
    25. FOXN1 Is Critical for Onycholemmal Terminal Differentiation in Nude (Foxn1nu) Mice 2004 · 58 citations
    26. The Localization of Label-Retaining Cells in Mouse Nails Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2007 · 22 citations
    27. Possible Carbamazepine-Induced Reversible Onychomadesis International Journal of Dermatology · 1989 · 13 citations
    28. Unilateral Beau's Lines Associatd with a Fingertip Crushing Injury The Journal of Dermatology · 2005 · 11 citations
    29. Transglutaminase Activity Is Conserved in Stratified Epithelia and Skin Appendages of Mammals and Birds International journal of molecular sciences · 2023 · 8 citations
    30. Expression patterns of hair-related keratins and epithelial keratins in onychopapilloma: The significance of clarifying the origin of onychopapilloma Frontiers in Medicine · 2022 · 3 citations