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This article discusses the use of forensic DNA phenotyping to infer physical characteristics from biological samples without a reference sample, aiding investigations but raising ethical and legal concerns.

In this study, researchers developed a non-invasive, partially automated protocol for extracting DNA from marmoset hair follicles, resulting in high-quality whole genome sequencing with low chimerism levels, making it a reliable method compared to blood DNA sequencing in these primates.

This study found that deleting all three Tet genes in mice led to shorter hair shafts and altered hair types, with associated changes in gene expression and DNA hydroxymethylation.

This study identified the c.1204G to A (p.E402K) mutation in the hHB6 gene as a cause of monilethrix in a Chinese family, highlighting the gene's role in the condition.

A common mutation in the hHb6 gene is linked to monilethrix, but other factors may also play a role.

This study identified a novel mutation, R430Q in the KRT86 gene, in a Han family with monilethrix, which may contribute to the disease's pathogenic mechanism.

This study concluded that allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) is more reliable than tetra-primer ARMS-PCR for genotyping the SNP rs1998076 due to better stability and interpretability.

This study found that mice with a specific loss of DNA methyltransferase 1 showed uneven epidermal thickness, reduced hair regeneration, and progressive alopecia, emphasizing DNA methylation's role in stem cell homeostasis.

This study found that the mutation Glu402Lys in keratin hHb6 may be associated with monilethrix, and homozygous patients in a consanguineous family exhibited more severe symptoms.

This discussion highlights the potential of next-generation sequencing in forensic science for predicting phenotypic traits from DNA samples, but reports no new clinical results and underscores ongoing ethical and legal challenges.

In this case-control study, researchers did not find genome-wide significant genetic variants for trichotillomania, but cases had higher polygenic risk for psychiatric disorders and certain neuropsychiatric-associated copy number variants.

This study reports that using laser microdissection to isolate telogen hair follicles significantly improves DNA extraction efficiency for STR typing, reducing contamination from keratin.

This study found that a mutation in the seventh exon of the KRT86 gene plays a major role in the pathogenesis of monilethrix in a Chinese family.

This study found that TET2 plays a tumor-suppressive role in preventing squamous cell carcinomas by regulating 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels, suggesting therapeutic potential for DNA methylation dynamics.

This study found that human centromeric regions exhibit large-scale haplotypes with significant diversity, including entire Neanderthal haplotypes, which may affect chromosome transmission.

Mutations in the hHb6 gene cause the hair disorder monilethrix.

This review discusses the current state of research on genetic markers for predicting human phenotypic traits from DNA samples for forensic purposes and reports no new experimental findings.

The researchers identified a pathogenic variant in the SRD5A2 gene among siblings with 46,XY disorder of sexual development, highlighting the importance of comprehensive genetic testing in diagnosis and management.

Some human genetic markers work for genetic studies in pig-tailed and stump-tailed macaques, which can help in their conservation.

This study identified thousands of variant-metabolite associations in the human plasma metabolome, offering insights into the genetic bases of metabolism and potential adverse drug effects.

In this study, researchers found two non-synonymous SNPs in the TERT gene associated with mean wool staple strength in sheep, suggesting TERT as a potential candidate gene for improving wool traits.

The researchers reported that the novel MBTPS2 variant p.Glu172Asp found in a male proband is likely pathogenic, consistent with osteogenesis imperfecta symptoms and molecular signatures, including disrupted fatty acid metabolism and collagen production.

This study highlights a novel connection between the DNMT3B enzyme, metabolic flux, and the self-renewal and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells.

This study found that mitochondrial dysfunction in T cells led to defective hair follicle stem cell function and premature skin aging signs in a mouse model.

This review examined genetic factors in 46, XY differences/disorders of sex development and found that whole-exome sequencing is more effective than panel sequencing for molecular diagnosis. It identified regional genetic variation and emphasized next-generation sequencing's role in detecting variants related to gonadal and androgen-related genes.

A specific gene mutation is linked to a hereditary form of dystonia that responds well to certain medications.

This study observed increased metallothionein expression in regenerating liver and hyperplastic mouse skin, suggesting a potential role in cellular proliferation and differentiation.

This study reported three cases of tinea corporis caused by Microsporum canis in a household, linked to a domestic cat, where genetic analysis suggested a familial transmission route.

This study found that somatic mosaic mutations in the doublecortin gene may cause subcortical band heterotopia in male patients, and molecular analysis using hair roots is a useful detection method.