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Humans lost body hair relatively recently in evolution.

This study suggests that activating AMPK to phosphorylate ZDHHC13 may enhance MC1R function and reduce melanoma risk in individuals with red hair.

This study found that, despite confirming MC1R expression and functional cAMP signalling, α-MSH treatment did not alleviate UVA-induced stress in adult dermal fibroblasts, suggesting that α-MSH-MC1R may not directly protect against UVA-induced photoaging in these cells.

This review discusses the role of the MC1R gene in human pigmentation and its genetic variants, reporting no new results; the authors highlight its forensic applications for phenotypic prediction.

In this case study, researchers documented a Chinese boy with hair color changing to red and identified MC1R genetic mutations as the cause, rather than zinc deficiency, enhancing our understanding of hair heterochromia due to genetic factors.

In this study, a clear pattern of selective sweep was observed for the SLC24A5 gene, with high linkage disequilibrium and low haplotype diversity, but no clear correlation with UV radiation intensity was found.

This study found that systemic administration of NDP-MSH, a melanocortin receptor agonist, provided neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease, reducing neuroinflammation and suggesting a role for regulatory T cells in these neuroprotective effects.

This review discusses the roles of the Agouti and Agouti-related proteins in pigmentation and energy regulation and reports no new experimental findings.

Platelet-rich plasma doesn't prevent hair loss from chemotherapy, and mononuclear cells only help against hair loss from one specific chemotherapy drug.

This study demonstrated that the biomimetic peptide PTP20 may help preserve hair pigmentation and reduce greying by enhancing melanocyte function and increasing melanin production in human hair follicles.

This article discusses mouse genetic studies to explore factors influencing melanogenesis, highlighting pH and cysteine's roles, and proposes a hypothesis for human hair color diversity; it reports no new results.

This study suggests that αMSH may play a regulatory role in human dermal papilla cells, potentially influencing immune and inflammatory responses in hair follicles, which could contribute to inflammatory alopecia.

This study demonstrated that EdnrB signaling promotes melanocyte stem cell proliferation and differentiation, enhancing hair and epidermal melanocyte regeneration, especially under conditions of active Wnt signaling.

This review discusses the interactions between melanocyte stem cells and their niche in hair regeneration and repair, but reports no new results; recent studies on molecular pathways are highlighted.

This study by Pérez-Oliva et al. explored how Mahogunin Ring Finger-1 (MGRN1) affects melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) signaling, suggesting that MGRN1 competitively inhibits Gαs binding to MC1R, influencing pigment production.

This study found that Sox2 within dermal papilla cells in the hair follicle regulates hair pigmentation, influencing the type and production of melanin.

This article discusses the roles of different proteins in melanogenesis and proposes a hypothesis to explain the diversity of human hair pigmentation, but it reports no new experimental results.

This study found that among men over 70, certain genetic variants associated with skin pigmentation affect serum PSA levels, with implications for how sun sensitivity and exposure may influence prostate cancer risk.

This study found that Swiss cattle exhibiting rat-tail syndrome are heterozygous for genetic variants linked to pigmentation and color dilution, likely due to Holstein introgression in the Simmental breed.

This study examined genetic adaptations in Tibetan sheep through whole-genome resequencing, identifying key genes related to hypoxia tolerance, wool color, and body size. These findings provide a foundation for future molecular breeding strategies to enhance wool quality and adaptive traits in these high-altitude environments.

This study found that facial sun damage scores from UV photography correlate with skin cancer and melanoma risk factors, suggesting this technology may help identify individuals at higher risk.

This study found that the ACTH/MC2R system is important for hair cycle regulation, with deficiencies in MC2R leading to altered hair growth phases in mice.

This review discusses melanocytes' role in pigmentation, their clinical significance in conditions like vitiligo and hair graying, and highlights current research on hair follicle regeneration without reporting new clinical results.

This review discusses the factors influencing human hair color, including genetic components like the MC1R gene and enzyme activity, without presenting new experimental results.

Alpha-MSH affects mitochondrial function, and MC1R mutations may increase skin aging.

This study found that transgenic expression of Endothelin 3 in mice can maintain a dark pigmentation phenotype independently of Mc1r signaling by regulating melanogenic genes.

The researchers reported that SOX4 expression is significantly upregulated in melanoma and its knockdown in cell lines resulted in reduced tumor progression, suggesting potential for targeted therapies.

This study suggests that the phenotype of melasma in women is influenced by structural and cellular changes across the epidermal-melanin unit, not just melanocyte hypertrophy, highlighting potential roles for dermal damage repair and fibroblast senescence.

Finasteride reduces melanin production in skin cells.