1 citations,
April 2012 in “Cancer Research” The study used transgenic mice to investigate the role of MEK and Antizyme (AZ) in skin tumorigenesis and keratinocyte differentiation. Mice overexpressing MEK showed increased epidermal stem cell expansion and decreased keratinocyte differentiation, leading to epidermal hyperplasia and tumor development. However, co-expression of AZ reduced tumor development by decreasing ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, which is linked to polyamine biosynthesis and tumor promotion. AZ expression counteracted MEK-induced effects, normalizing the number of transient amplifying (TA) cells and stem cells, and restoring differentiation marker levels in keratinocytes. The findings suggested that ODC and polyamines were crucial in regulating epidermal stem cell behavior and keratinocyte differentiation.
This study highlights the crucial role of ligand-independent actions of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in maintaining hair cycle and skin homeostasis. In VDR-KO rats, which lack the VDR gene, there is significant alopecia and skin abnormalities, including hyperkeratosis and increased trans-epidermal water loss. In contrast, rats with a mutant VDR (R270L/H301Q) that cannot bind ligands do not exhibit these issues, indicating that VDR's non-liganded actions are essential. The study found that VDR-KO rats have altered gene and protein expression, particularly in the Shh, Wnt, and Bmp signaling pathways, with decreased hair keratins and increased epidermal keratins. These findings underscore the importance of non-liganded VDR in keratinocyte differentiation, proliferation, and cell death in hair follicles and the epidermis.
August 2016 in “Journal of Dermatology” A chemical called 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine caused rapid hair loss in mice by killing certain skin cells through a specific cell death pathway.
August 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Active oxygen scavengers can reverse the suppression of hair cell growth caused by androgens.
215 citations,
November 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The system allows precise control of gene expression in mouse skin, useful for studying skin biology.
August 2011 in “Planta Medica” 4-O-methylhonokiol from Magnolia Officinalis may promote hair growth by interfering with TGF-β1 effects in skin cells.
July 2003 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Treating psoriasis with UVB light three times a week is faster than twice a week, and certain medications and lifestyle factors affect psoriasis treatment outcomes.
The estrogen receptor pathway controls hair growth cycles and affects skin cell growth.
68 citations,
March 2008 in “Experimental dermatology” The new assay can track and measure melanosome transfer between skin cells, confirming filopodia's role in this process.
76 citations,
December 2011 in “Journal of Cell Science” Different keratin types have unique amino acid patterns that are evolutionarily conserved.
70 citations,
January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
69 citations,
January 2015 in “Cell & tissue research/Cell and tissue research” Keratin mutations cause skin diseases and could lead to new treatments.
53 citations,
September 2004 in “American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics” Mutations in keratin genes cause cell fragility and various skin disorders.
47 citations,
September 2011 in “Acta biomaterialia” Protein composition greatly affects the function of keratin biomaterials.
30 citations,
April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
28 citations,
April 1996 in “Cell biology international” Changes in keratin affect skin health and can lead to skin disorders like blistering diseases and psoriasis.
20 citations,
June 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Bleaching hair damages protein structure, especially keratin, leading to weakened hair.
18 citations,
November 2009 in “Archives of Dermatology” Calcipotriol doesn't prevent hypertrophic scars, but keratinocyte activation is important in scar formation.
14 citations,
January 2015 in “Genetics and molecular research” The transition from growth to regression in Cashmere goat hair follicles involves changes in expression of genes related to keratin and cell differentiation.
13 citations,
July 2017 in “Biopolymers” Recombinant keratins can form useful structures for medical applications, overcoming natural keratin limitations.
13 citations,
May 2001 in “Current problems in dermatology” Keratin proteins in epithelial cells are dynamic and crucial for cell processes and disease understanding.
11 citations,
August 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A gene mutation causes early keratinocyte maturation leading to hair loss in Olmsted syndrome.
11 citations,
January 1987 in “Electrophoresis” Keratin proteins are consistent across different hair types from the same person.
9 citations,
January 1989 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Wool and hair fibers absorb moisture similarly due to their keratin structure, with the amount of non-crystalline areas affecting the moisture uptake.
8 citations,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Marsupial hair structure and keratin distribution are similar to placental mammals.
7 citations,
May 2021 in “Applied sciences” Proteins like BSA and keratin can effectively style hair and protect it, offering eco-friendly alternatives to chemical products.
7 citations,
October 2020 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Different sizes of keratin peptides can strengthen hair, with smaller ones possibly increasing volume and larger ones repairing damage.
3 citations,
December 2018 in “Routledge eBooks” Hair is made of strong keratin fibers that protect against the environment.
2 citations,
February 2021 in “Journal of comparative pathology” Sheep with chronic Sarcoptes scabiei dermatitis have altered keratin expression in their skin.