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    Glossary Interleukin-4

    protein that regulates immune responses and inflammation

    Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a type of protein called a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It helps regulate the balance of immune responses by promoting the growth and differentiation of certain white blood cells, particularly those involved in allergic reactions and asthma. IL-4 is also involved in the regulation of antibody production, making it important for both immune defense and inflammation.

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    1. The association between Interleukin (IL)-4 gene intron 3 VNTR polymorphism and alopecia areata (AA) in Turkish population Gene · 2013 · 42 citations
    2. Evaluation of the level of serum Interleukins (IL-2, IL-4, IL-15 andIL-17) and its relationship with disease severity in patients with alopecia areata 2021 · 14 citations
    3. Das weiße Hautfettgewebe initiiert die IL-33-abhängige Expression von Interleukin 4/13 in myeloischen Zellen während einer Entzündung Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden) · 2024
    4. Interleukin-25-Mediated-IL-17RB Upregulation Promotes Cutaneous Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice by Improving Endothelial Cell Functions Frontiers in Immunology · 2022 · 34 citations
    5. RETRACTED: Interleukin‐33 links asthma to alopecia areata: Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis Skin Research and Technology · 2024 · 4 citations
    6. Immunoglobulin E and Serum Interleukin-13 and Bacteria in Patients with Alopecia Areata South Eastern European Journal of Public Health · 2024
    7. Genetic analysis of interleukin 18 gene polymorphisms in alopecia areata Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis · 2018 · 12 citations
    8. Topische Immuntherapie mit Diphenylcyclopropenon bei verschiedenen Typen der Alpecia areata: Assoziation zu klinischen Parametern und einem funktionellen Genpolymorphismus des Interleukin-6-Promotors Elektronische Hochschulschriften der LMU München (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) · 2005
    9. Assessment of Interleukin-17A and Interleukin-2 Serum Levels in Patients with Alopecia Areata Kufa Medical journal · 2024
    10. Dermatologic Changes Associated With Interleukin 2 Administration JAMA · 1987 · 123 citations
    11. Interleukin-1 Induces Transcription of Keratin K6 in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes 2001 · 90 citations
    12. WNT5A drives interleukin-6-dependent epithelial–mesenchymal transition via the JAK/STAT pathway in keloid pathogenesis Burns & Trauma · 2022 · 56 citations
    13. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1 Antagonists Alleviate Inflammatory Skin Changes Associated with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibody Therapy in Mice Cancer Research · 2009 · 53 citations
    14. Testosterone stimulates proliferation and inhibits interleukin‐6 production of normal and hereditary gingival fibromatosis fibroblasts Oral Microbiology and Immunology · 2002 · 39 citations
    15. Interleukin-1β Is Differentially Expressed by Human Dermal Papilla Cells in Response to PKC Activation and Is a Potent Inhibitor of Human Hair Follicle Growth in Organ Culture Journal of interferon & cytokine research · 1997 · 38 citations
    16. Activation of liver X receptors inhibits experimental fibrosis by interfering with interleukin-6 release from macrophages Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · 2014 · 36 citations
    17. Interleukin-10-deficient Mice Are Less Susceptible to the Induction of Alopecia Areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2002 · 31 citations
    18. Recurrence of Pemphigus Vulgaris Associated With Interleukin 2 Therapy Archives of Dermatology · 1994 · 25 citations
    19. Association Between Interleukin 18 Polymorphisms and Alopecia Areata in Koreans Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research · 2014 · 22 citations
    20. Alopecia Diffusa while Using Interleukin-17 Inhibitors against Psoriasis Vulgaris Case Reports in Dermatology · 2019 · 20 citations
    21. Minoxidil downregulates Interleukin-1 alpha gene expression in HaCaT cells International Journal of Trichology · 2018 · 16 citations
    22. Interleukin-6 Null Mice Paradoxically Display Increased STAT3 Activity and Wound-Induced Hair Neogenesis Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2016 · 16 citations
    23. Serum level of interleukin-15 in active alopecia areata patients and its relation to age, sex, and disease severity Advances in Dermatology and Allergology · 2020 · 14 citations
    24. Interleukin-6 from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promotes Tissue Repair by the Increase of Cell Proliferation and Hair Follicles in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Treated Skin Flaps Mediators of inflammation · 2019 · 14 citations
    25. Influence of interleukin‐1α on androgen receptor expression and cytokine secretion by cultured human dermal papilla cells Experimental Dermatology · 2006 · 14 citations
    26. Interleukin 6 and STAT3 regulate p63 isoform expression in keratinocytes during regeneration Experimental Dermatology · 2015 · 11 citations
    27. A functional polymorphism in interleukin-1α (IL1A) gene is associated with risk of alopecia areata in Chinese populations Gene · 2013 · 11 citations
    28. Injury-induced interleukin-1 alpha promotes Lgr5 hair follicle stem cells de novo regeneration and proliferation via regulating regenerative microenvironment in mice Inflammation and Regeneration · 2023 · 7 citations
    29. <i>Trichophyton tonsurans</i>‐induced kerion celsi with decreased defensin expression and paradoxically increased interleukin‐17A production The Journal of Dermatology · 2019 · 7 citations
    30. Interleukin-15 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Iraqi Patients with Alopecia Areata Dermatology Research and Practice · 2023 · 6 citations