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    Glossary Immune Cells

    specialized cells that defend the body against infections

    Immune cells, also known as immune system cells or immune response cells, are specialized cells that play a crucial role in defending the body against infections, diseases, and foreign invaders. These cells include various types such as lymphocytes (T cells and B cells), macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, each with specific functions like identifying pathogens, producing antibodies, and destroying infected cells.

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    1. Dermal T cell immunity and key regulatory signaling pathways: Implications in immune-mediated alopecia and hair regeneration Genes & Diseases · 2025 · 1 citations
    2. Dandruff lesional scalp skin exhibits epidermal T cell infiltration and a weakened hair follicle immune privilege International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2024
    3. Regulatory T cells in skin mediate immune privilege of the hair follicle stem cell niche Science Immunology · 2024 · 21 citations
    4. 051 γδ T cells as novel players in alopecia areata pathobiology: Vδ1 + T lymphocytes may recognize “stressed” hair follicle keratinocytes, leading to IFNγ-dependent hair follicle dystrophy and immune privilege collapse Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2016 · 1 citations
    5. Resident T cell activation leads to human hair follicle immune privilege loss ex vivo, which is prevented by the DHODH inhibitor farudodstat: relevance for alopecia areata Frontiers in Medicine · 2026
    6. Image 1_Resident T cell activation leads to human hair follicle immune privilege loss ex vivo, which is prevented by the DHODH inhibitor farudodstat: relevance for alopecia areata.pdf Figshare · 2026
    7. Beyond immune suppression: regenerative programs in regulatory T cells Cell Insight · 2026
    8. TNC+ fibroblasts involve in skin inflammation via neuro-immune and interacting with T cells Research Square (Research Square) · 2023
    9. The imbalance between Type 17 T-cells and regulatory immune cell subsets in psoriasis vulgaris Frontiers in Immunology · 2022 · 49 citations
    10. Hair Follicle Mesenchyme-Associated PD-L1 Regulates T-Cell Activation Induced Apoptosis: A Potential Mechanism of Immune Privilege Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2013 · 53 citations
    11. Multi-modal skin atlas identifies a multicellular immune-stromal community associated with disrupted cornification and specific T cell expansion in atopic dermatitis Nature Communications · 2026
    12. Single-cell analysis of temporal immune cell dynamics in alopecia areata reveals a causal role for clonally expanded CD8+ T cells in disease Cell Reports · 2025 · 4 citations
    13. Regulatory T cells: master orchestrators of immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis Frontiers in Science · 2026 · 2 citations
    14. Androgenetic alopecia may be associated with weaker COVID-19 T-cell immune response: An insight into a potential COVID-19 vaccine booster Medical Hypotheses · 2020 · 9 citations
    15. Pathogenic CD8+ T cells target K71+ Henle’s layer by forming cytolytic immune synapses in Alopecia Areata Research Square · 2026
    16. Internal peacekeepers and external mediators: A new model of peripheral immune tolerance involving regulatory T cells and mesenchymal stem cells Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine · 2026
    17. IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER: IMMUNE CHECKPOINT BLOCKERS, VACCINES AND ADOPTIVE T CELL THERAPIES Wiadomości Lekarskie · 2024
    18. 020 Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor signalling promotes hair growth and inhibits perifollicular T-cell expansion and immune privilege collapse ex vivo Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2021 · 1 citations
    19. A biopsy-sized 3D skin model with a perifollicular vascular plexus enables studying immune cell trafficking in the skin Biofabrication · 2024 · 6 citations
    20. Hair follicle–derived IL-7 and IL-15 mediate skin-resident memory T cell homeostasis and lymphoma Nature medicine · 2015 · 245 citations
    21. Regulatory T cells in skin Immunology · 2017 · 110 citations
    22. Immune Cells in Cutaneous Wound Healing: A Review of Functional Data from Animal Models International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2022 · 5 citations
    23. Regulatory T Cells: the Many Faces of Foxp3 Journal of Clinical Immunology · 2019 · 125 citations
    24. Role of regulatory T cells in psoriasis pathogenesis and treatment British Journal of Dermatology · 2020 · 273 citations
    25. Regulatory T-Cells: Potential Regulator of Tissue Repair and Regeneration Frontiers in Immunology · 2018 · 188 citations
    26. Skin CD4+ memory T cells exhibit combined cluster-mediated retention and equilibration with the circulation Nature communications · 2016 · 155 citations
    27. Imbalance of T‐helper 17 and regulatory T cells in patients with alopecia areata The Journal of Dermatology · 2015 · 62 citations
    28. Resident Memory T Cells in Autoimmune Skin Diseases Frontiers in immunology · 2021 · 50 citations
    29. Resident human dermal γδT-cells operate as stress-sentinels: Lessons from the hair follicle Journal of Autoimmunity · 2021 · 27 citations
    30. Regulatory T cells in dominant immunologic tolerance Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2023 · 26 citations