73 citations,
October 2013 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Chemical hair straightening can damage hair and health, needing safer alternatives and stricter regulations.
55 citations,
March 2007 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Afro-ethnic hair can be straightened using chemical and heat methods.
23 citations,
June 2014 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Glyoxylic acid is a safer alternative to formaldehyde for hair straightening and effectively changes hair structure.
20 citations,
July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology” Thioglycolate lotions are the most popular method for permanent waving and hair straightening.
13 citations,
March 2017 in “Skin Research and Technology” Formaldehyde damages curly hair more than glyoxylic acid.
4 citations,
January 2021 in “Skin appendage disorders” Hair straightening can damage hair and pose health risks, including exposure to carcinogens and hair loss.
August 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Modern hair straightening improves manageability and strength while maintaining natural waves.
October 2015 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening changes hair structure and can cause damage if done wrong, but improvements in the methods are expected to continue.
March 2010 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.
10 citations,
January 1994 Hair can be straightened using different chemicals, not just strong alkali.
8 citations,
October 2014 in “Journal of analytical toxicology.” Chemical hair straightening significantly reduces detectable drug levels in hair.
18 citations,
July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Straightening and coloring hair, especially with sodium hydroxide, greatly increases protein loss.
5 citations,
June 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Chemical hair straightening may be linked to a type of permanent hair loss.
3 citations,
January 2009 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Using both TGA and DTDG in hair straightening reduces hair damage compared to using TGA alone.
November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Glyoxylic acid straighteners cause more protein loss but have similar hair strength effects as traditional alkaline straighteners.
54 citations,
September 2000 in “Archives of dermatology” A hair-straightening product caused widespread hair loss and scalp injuries, mainly affecting African American women.
7 citations,
August 2018 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Chemical hair straightening improves smoothness and shine but may cause side effects, suggesting a need for safer methods.
193 citations,
January 2015 in “International journal of trichology” Dermatologists need to understand hair products to treat hair and scalp issues better.
53 citations,
July 2016 in “Cosmetics” Future hair cosmetics will be safer and more effective.
52 citations,
February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
46 citations,
January 1996 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” People with late-stage HIV-1 often experience a specific type of hair loss linked to multiple factors, including nutritional issues and immune responses.
43 citations,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” The article concludes that advancements in hair cosmetics require dermatologists to stay informed about products and their potential risks, including allergies and higher risks for hairdressers.
25 citations,
May 2019 in “Heliyon” Hair treatments cause significant structural changes, especially with excessive heat, regardless of ethnicity.
15 citations,
June 2019 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Chemical and physical treatments like bleaching, dyeing, and UV radiation damage both Caucasian and Afro-ethnic hair.
13 citations,
March 2019 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Heat damages hair, with Asian hair losing more protein than Caucasian hair.
13 citations,
November 2012 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Curly hair breaks more easily, especially with chemical treatments, but simpler grooming reduces breakage.
3 citations,
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Relaxer treatments damage African–American hair, with commercial products causing more harm than lab-made solutions.
3 citations,
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” Hair care products clean, protect, style, color, and change hair structure.
2 citations,
May 2002 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Ethnic differences in hair and skin are significant and under-researched, requiring tailored dermatologic treatments and more study.
2 citations,
January 2019 in “Applied clinical research, clinical trials and regulatory affairs” Different countries have regulations to ensure the safety of hair care products, with some recalling hair straighteners due to high formaldehyde.