1 citations
,
January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” This study investigated the effect of peracetic acid treatment on hair fiber structure and found that disulfide bond oxidation altered thermal properties while preserving the α-crystal structure, suggesting different stabilizing interactions in hair fibers.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that oxidative treatment with peracetic acid dissociates some disulfide bonds in human hair fibers while maintaining the crystalline structure, suggesting different mechanisms stabilize different regions of intermediate filaments.
January 2025 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” This study found that using 369LAB Lipid Bond, derived from plant oil triglycerides, can restore lipid content in damaged hair to natural levels and improve hair strength, integrity, and resilience after a single application, with benefits persisting even after discontinuation.
45 citations
,
January 1977 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair follicles have an enzyme that converts arginine to citrulline in proteins.
39 citations
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June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
December 1987 in “Pediatric Dermatology” This article describes a previously unreported hair anomaly associated with facio-genito-popliteal syndrome and does not present new clinical results.
2 citations
,
November 2023 in “Journal of Natural Products” In this study, researchers accomplished the total synthesis of calanthoside, noted for its strong proliferative effects on human hair follicle dermal papilla cells, using a seven-step process from anthranilic acid with a 43% overall yield.
May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This review highlights that hair's chemical bonds, particularly disulfide bonds, are not homogeneous, as previously thought, but instead vary in response to different cosmetic treatments, suggesting a need for further exploration of ionic bonds and hydrophobic interactions.
September 2023 in “Plant journal” This study showed that the zinc finger protein GIS3 is important for root hair growth in Arabidopsis by regulating RHD2 and RHD4 genes, with application of ethylene and cytokinin helping restore root hair presence in mutated variants.
4 citations
,
July 2022 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that the moisture sorption and desorption process can differentiate between cosmetic treatments of hair and provide insights into hair fibre structure changes, with bleaching causing greater symmetry breaking than perming.
October 2024 in “Cosmetics” This review highlights the lack of research on Afro-textured hair, emphasizing the need for better understanding of its genetic traits and molecular structure to develop more effective hair care solutions.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” This study observed that repeated perm treatments decrease disulfide bonds in hair due to their conversion largely into cysteic acid, affecting the waving efficiency depending on the reduction agent used.
1 citations
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July 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences” This review discusses various environmental and chemical factors that contribute to hair shaft disorders, such as fractures, and highlights the potential roles of cysteine and glutamine in hair health, but reports no new results.
109 citations
,
January 1980 in “Science of the total environment” This paper reviews chemical analysis methods for trace elements in human hair and supports a no-wash policy due to challenges in distinguishing between endogenous and exogenous element sources.
47 citations
,
January 2017 in “RSC Advances” Keratin peptides can change hair shape gently without harsh chemicals.
14 citations
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September 2016 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology” This study observed that mercury-lamp irradiation may cause cleavage of disulfide bonds in keratins of white hair, leading to the formation of thiols in laboratory settings.
9 citations
,
January 1981 This study found that the alkaline degradation process of hair keratin using nucleophilic reagents led to different proportions of reaction products compared to wool, particularly more lanthionine and lysinoalanine residues.
1 citations
,
November 2022 in “Molecules/Molecules online/Molecules annual” This study found that low-molecular-weight hyaluronate significantly improved the mechanical strength and elastic modulus of overbleached hair by enhancing hydrogen bond networks within keratin.
In this review of permanent hairstyles like perms, the authors discuss the chemical processes involved and highlight potential risks such as hair and scalp damage, emphasizing the need for careful client assessment and safe application techniques to mitigate these risks.
January 2026 in “Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces” This study found that treating damaged hair with maleic-modified amino silicone oil created a highly hydrophobic surface, reducing water content and improving hair's mechanical properties and thermal stability.
July 2025 in “Scientific Reports” This study reported that fermented grapeseed oil may enhance hair permeability and improve strength and color retention in chemically treated hair compared to regular grapeseed or silicone oils.
April 2025 in “Pharmaceuticals” This study found that novel thiol-reactive cross-linking agents, particularly APA, significantly improved the tensile strength and elasticity of human hair fibers by effectively regenerating disulfide bridges, with potential applications for advanced hair repair treatments in the cosmetic industry.
October 2015 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” This review examines the science and technology behind temporary and permanent hair straightening, discussing the processes, potential advancements, and considerations for reducing adverse effects, but does not report new research findings.
36 citations
,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” This study concluded that bleach treatment partly transforms the hydrophobic top layer of human hair cuticles into a hydrophilic surface with clustered cysteic acid, visualized at the nano-scale using dynamic Chemical Force Microscopy.
30 citations
,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” This article reviews methods for dissolving hair proteins and describes how solvents and molecules with hydrophobic groups interact with hair; it presents no new research findings.
25 citations
,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” This study reports that hair damage from bleaching is associated with the oxidative cleavage of fatty acid thioester bonds, detectable by measuring the decrease in mass spectrometry peak at m / z 76.
25 citations
,
May 2019 in “Heliyon” This study found that excessive heat caused the most significant structural changes in hair from Caucasian and Afro samples, especially when combined with other treatments like bleaching and straightening.
21 citations
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February 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” The authors conclude that optimizing hair shaft production and appearance may best be achieved by integrating biological, chemical, and physical intervention strategies.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” This review explains the mechanical composition and molecular interactions that determine hair's mechanical properties, without providing any new experimental findings.
10 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that thioglycolic acid molecules in hair treatments are primarily located in intrafibrillar unordered areas, where they redistribute disulfide bonds.