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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Ectodin integrates BMP, SHH, and FGF signals in developing ectodermal organs.

Tributyltin exposure causes sex changes, sterilization, and decline in the snail Ocinebrina aciculata, risking its extinction.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Cyproterone acetate-estrogen most effective for hirsutism, but consider side effects and patient needs.

Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.

Antiandrogens affect androgen-dependent body functions and are used for various medical conditions, with some risks like fetus feminization, but new forms like 17α-propylmesterolone show promise for acne without systemic effects.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition often starting before age 20, with varied treatment success and a need for personalized treatment plans.

The conclusion is that tissue structure is key for stem cell communication and maintaining healthy tissues.

Certain steroids in the brain affect mood and symptoms of depression, and treatments targeting these steroids show promise for improving these symptoms.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

Abnormal Hedgehog signaling in blood cancers may help tumors grow and resist chemotherapy, suggesting potential for targeted treatments.

The document concludes that for hair and feather growth, it's better to target the environment around stem cells than the cells themselves.

Women with acromegaly often have irregular periods due to hormone imbalances and growth hormone effects.

Both mouse and rat models are effective for testing alopecia areata treatments.

Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.

Finasteride affects alcohol intake in male mice, possibly due to neurosteroids.

Dietary changes, including weight loss and a balanced diet, are important for managing PCOS, especially in overweight women.

Cytokines and neuropeptides are key in controlling androgen levels, affecting skin and hair conditions.

Genetic mutations can cause hair growth disorders by affecting key genes and signaling pathways.

Insulin-lowering medications show promise for PCOS symptoms but can't be the main treatment yet due to limited long-term research.

Live imaging has advanced our understanding of stem cell behavior and raised new research questions.

Fadrozole and Finasteride change frog sex ratios and cause intersex animals with altered gene expressions.

Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.

Antiandrogens are effective for conditions like prostate cancer and skin issues, but more research is needed to confirm their benefits and minimize side effects.

Early onset baldness in men may indicate a condition similar to PCOS, linked to heart disease, diabetes, and prostate issues.