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GlossaryGenomic Regions

specific DNA segments with distinct functions or characteristics

Genomic regions are specific segments of DNA within an organism's genome that have distinct functions or characteristics. These regions can include genes, which code for proteins, as well as regulatory elements that control gene expression, and non-coding areas that may have structural or other roles. Understanding these regions helps scientists identify how genetic variations can influence traits and diseases, such as alopecia.

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Taking Advantage of Phenotype Variability in a Local Animal Genetic Resource: Identification of Genomic Regions Associated with the Hairless Phenotype in Casertana Pigs

research Taking Advantage of Phenotype Variability in a Local Animal Genetic Resource: Identification of Genomic Regions Associated with the Hairless Phenotype in Casertana Pigs

16 citations, April 2018 in “Animal Genetics”

Researchers found two genes that may explain why some Casertana pigs don't have hair.

Genome Wide Association Analysis of Root Hair Traits in Rice Reveals Novel Genomic Regions Controlling Epidermal Cell Differentiation

research Genome Wide Association Analysis of Root Hair Traits in Rice Reveals Novel Genomic Regions Controlling Epidermal Cell Differentiation

2 citations, January 2023 in “BMC plant biology”

Scientists found new genetic areas that affect how rice root hairs grow and develop.

research Haplotypes Spanning Centromeric Regions Reveal Persistence of Large Blocks of Archaic DNA

49 citations, June 2019 in “eLife”

Ancient DNA blocks are still present in human genomes, possibly due to advantages they provide.

research Selection Signatures for Fiber Production in Commercial Species: A Review

5 citations, November 2022 in “Animal Genetics”

Genomic research can help improve the quality and production of natural fibers in animals.

research Hunting the Genes in Male-Pattern Alopecia: How Important Are They, How Close Are We and What Will They Tell Us?

46 citations, February 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Genes play a significant role in male-pattern baldness, and understanding them could lead to new treatments and insights into related health issues.

research The Genetics of Alopecia Areata: What's New and How Will It Help Our Patients?

43 citations, May 2011 in “Dermatologic therapy”

New genetic discoveries in alopecia areata could lead to better treatments.

research Developmental Plasticity of Patterned and Regenerating Oral Organs

5 citations, January 2015 in “Current Topics in Developmental Biology”

Fish teeth and taste bud densities are linked and can change between types due to shared genetic and molecular factors.

Whole-Genome Sequencing of Eight Goat Populations for the Detection of Selection Signatures Underlying Production and Adaptive Traits

research Whole-Genome Sequencing of Eight Goat Populations for the Detection of Selection Signatures Underlying Production and Adaptive Traits

92 citations, December 2016 in “Scientific Reports”

Researchers identified genes linked to coat color, body size, cashmere production, and high altitude adaptation in goats.

research Rare and Common Genetic Determinants of Metabolic Individuality and Their Effects on Human Health

29 citations, November 2022 in “Nature Medicine”

Genetic variations greatly affect individual metabolism and can impact health and disease risk.

research The Genetic Architecture of Alopecia Areata

23 citations, December 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

Genetic discoveries are leading to new treatments for alopecia areata.

The Use of High-Density SNP Array to Map Homozygosity in Consanguineous Families to Efficiently Identify Candidate Genes: Application to Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome

research The Use of High-Density SNP Array to Map Homozygosity in Consanguineous Families to Efficiently Identify Candidate Genes: Application to Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome

7 citations, January 2015 in “Case reports in genetics”

Using SNP array testing helped quickly find the gene causing Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome in two related individuals.

research Genome-Wide Target Enrichment-Aided Chip Design: A 66K SNP Chip for Cashmere Goat

13 citations, August 2017 in “Scientific reports”

Researchers developed a cost-effective 66 K SNP chip for cashmere goats that is accurate and useful for genetic studies.

research Characterization of DNA Methylation and Screening of Epigenetic Markers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

9 citations, May 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology”

DNA methylation changes in women with PCOS could be used as disease markers and suggest new treatment targets.

Insights into Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Differential Gene Expression Profiling of Plucked Hair Follicles and Integration with Genetic Data

research Insights into Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Differential Gene Expression Profiling of Plucked Hair Follicles and Integration with Genetic Data

7 citations, July 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Gene differences found in hair follicles linked to male baldness.

research Mapping of Cis-Acting Expression Quantitative Trait Loci in Human Scalp Hair Follicles

4 citations, November 2020 in “BMC Dermatology”

Researchers identified genes in scalp hair follicles that may affect hair traits and hair loss.

research Copy Number Variation Regions in Nellore Cattle: Evidence of Environmental Adaptation

21 citations, November 2017 in “Livestock science”

Nellore cattle have genetic variations linked to their adaptation to tropical environments.

A Tale of Two Haplotypes: The EDA2R/AR Intergenic Region Is the Most Divergent Genomic Segment Between Africans and East Asians in the Human Genome

research A Tale of Two Haplotypes: The EDA2R/AR Intergenic Region Is the Most Divergent Genomic Segment Between Africans and East Asians in the Human Genome

4 citations, December 2012 in “Human Biology”

The most different genetic segment between Africans and East Asians is the EDA2R/AR region, with two main types influenced by population changes and natural selection, and linked to baldness.

research Genomic and Transcriptomic Characterization of Atypical Recurrent Flank Alopecia in the Cesky Fousek

2 citations, April 2022 in “Genes”

The study found that the hair loss condition in Cesky Fousek dogs is influenced by multiple genes affecting skin and muscle structure, fat metabolism, and immunity.

research Sparse Haplotype-Based Fine-Scale Local Ancestry Inference at Scale Reveals Recent Selection on Immune Responses

March 2024 in “medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Recent selection on immune response genes was identified across seven ethnicities.

research Treatment Options for Alopecia: An Update, Looking to the Future

35 citations, May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy”

The document concludes that there are various treatments for different types of alopecia, but more research is needed for evidence-based treatments.

research Complementary Evolution of Coding and Noncoding Sequence Underlies Mammalian Hairlessness

2 citations, March 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Hairless mammals have genetic changes in both their protein-coding and regulatory sequences related to hair.

research MendelVar: Gene Prioritization at GWAS Loci Using Phenotypic Enrichment of Mendelian Disease Genes

2 citations, April 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

MendelVar is a tool that helps identify important genes by combining GWAS data with Mendelian disease information.

research Genome-Wide Association Study of Fiber Diameter in Alpacas

1 citations, October 2023 in “Animals”

Certain DNA regions in alpacas are linked to fiber diameter.

research Editor's Evaluation: Complementary Evolution of Coding and Noncoding Sequence Underlies Mammalian Hairlessness

March 2022

Hairlessness in mammals is due to complex genetic changes in both genes and regulatory regions.

research Whole-Genome Bisulfite Sequencing of Goat Skins Identifies Signatures Associated with Hair Cycling

28 citations, August 2018 in “BMC genomics”

DNA methylation changes are linked to hair growth cycles in goats.

research Ancient Genomes Reveal the Evolutionary History and Origin of Cashmere-Producing Goats in China

27 citations, April 2020 in “Molecular Biology and Evolution”

Ancient Chinese goats evolved cashmere-producing traits due to selective breeding, particularly in genes affecting hair growth.

research Analysis of Genome DNA Methylation at Inherited Coat-Color Dilutions of Rex Rabbits

1 citations, January 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

Inherited color dilution in Rex rabbits is linked to DNA methylation changes in hair follicles.

research Comprehensive Whole-Genome Resequencing Unveils Genetic Diversity and Selective Signatures of the Xiangdong Black Goat

March 2024 in “Frontiers in genetics”

Xiangdong black goats have moderate genetic diversity, minimal inbreeding, and important genes for reproduction, immunity, and other traits.

research Cost-Effectively Dissecting the Genetic Architecture of Complex Wool Traits in Rabbits by Low-Coverage Sequencing

1 citations, March 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Low-coverage sequencing is a cost-effective way to identify genes related to wool traits in rabbits.

research Complementary Evolution of Coding and Noncoding Sequence Underlies Mammalian Hairlessness

16 citations, November 2022 in “eLife”

Both gene and non-gene areas of DNA evolved to make some mammals hairless.