The conclusion is that there's a link between high testosterone levels, insulin resistance, and certain skin conditions, regardless of obesity.
1341 citations,
January 2014 in “Cardiology Research and Practice” Managing metabolic syndrome needs both lifestyle changes and medical treatments.
767 citations,
September 2016 in “Human Reproduction” Polycystic ovary syndrome affects about 6-10% of women, with varying symptoms and the need for standardized global definitions.
270 citations,
April 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS often have more belly fat and higher insulin levels, but belly fat isn't the only cause of their insulin resistance.
251 citations,
October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
160 citations,
December 2016 in “Journal of biophotonics” Low-level laser therapy, now called photobiomodulation, is recognized for its broad medical applications and scientific backing.
103 citations,
June 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.
97 citations,
July 2006 in “Dermatologic therapy” The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment are important for skin problems in women with PCOS.
92 citations,
September 2015 in “Journal of Lipid Research” Skin fat helps with body temperature control and has other active roles in health.
91 citations,
April 2017 in “Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews” Eating fewer calories, less sugar and refined carbs, and more low-glycemic and omega-3 rich foods can help manage PCOS symptoms.
76 citations,
January 2007 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Women with PCOS often have skin problems like excessive hair, acne, hair loss, and dark patches, which can be treated with hormonal and non-hormonal therapies.
75 citations,
November 2007 in “Clinical endocrinology” Certain medications including flutamide, spironolactone, and others effectively reduce excessive hair growth in women, especially when combined with lifestyle changes.
65 citations,
January 2018 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” Skin fat has important roles in hair growth, skin repair, immune defense, and aging, and could be targeted for skin and hair treatments.
45 citations,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
44 citations,
April 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with PCOS have similar levels of certain proteins compared to women without PCOS, and these proteins don't independently cause PCOS.
36 citations,
October 2016 in “Bone” A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.
34 citations,
January 2008 in “International Review of Neurobiology” Epilepsy and certain epilepsy drugs can lead to reproductive problems in women, but changing medication might improve these issues.
31 citations,
January 2018 in “Pediatric annals” Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.
31 citations,
February 1997 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” People who carry the 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency gene are not more likely to have excessive male hormone levels.
28 citations,
November 2014 in “Current Diabetes Reports” Girls with PCOS during adolescence have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, and early treatment can help manage this risk.
27 citations,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” PCOS is a complex disorder managed by treating symptoms and requires a team of specialists.
26 citations,
May 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Cheonggukjang may help prevent and manage various diseases and improve overall health, but its odor and safety concerns need addressing.
23 citations,
October 2016 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” The document concludes that health care providers should offer culturally competent care and more research is needed to improve health outcomes for transgender individuals.
20 citations,
March 2017 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have higher 5α-reductase activity, which may be linked to insulin resistance.
19 citations,
March 2012 in “Clinical Endocrinology” FAI values above 6.4 may suggest high androgen levels and increased metabolic risks in Chinese women of reproductive age.
17 citations,
June 2010 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Many women with hard-to-treat acne also have PCOS.
14 citations,
September 2017 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Skin diseases linked to insulin resistance should be managed to prevent diabetes and reduce heart disease risk.
14 citations,
February 1999 in “The BMJ” Cosmetic surgery is more popular and cost-effective, but outcomes depend on the surgeon's skill and all procedures have potential complications.
13 citations,
January 2022 in “Advances in Dermatology and Allergology” Alopecia areata may be linked to imbalanced gut bacteria.
12 citations,
March 2015 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in young people is important to prevent long-term health problems.