37 citations
,
April 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that among middle-aged Korean women, those with metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of androgenetic alopecia, while no significant association was observed in men.
32 citations
,
September 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” This article states that hormone therapy with estrogens and antiandrogens for transgender females is within an obstetrician-gynecologist's practice scope and involves careful dosing and monitoring to manage short-term thrombotic risks.
28 citations
,
October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” This study suggests that gender-affirming testosterone therapy in transgender men is generally safe and effective with adequate screening and monitoring, although high-quality long-term studies are lacking.
21 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” This review discusses cross-sex hormone therapy for managing gender dysphoria in transsexual individuals and reports no new clinical results; it highlights the need for education and culturally sensitive training for healthcare professionals.
20 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of Steroids & Hormonal Science” The document concludes that there are still unknowns about the effectiveness, risks, and detection of performance-enhancing drugs, and doping remains a challenge.
19 citations
,
August 2018 in “Clinics in plastic surgery” This review discusses surgical techniques for facial and neck modifications in gender dysphoria and reports no new clinical outcomes.
19 citations
,
February 2012 in “International Journal of Urology” This review discusses gender identity disorder in Japan, highlighting the high prevalence and challenges in accessing appropriate treatment, and calls for wider understanding among medical professionals.
17 citations
,
February 2020 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” This review discusses medical interventions that reproductive health experts can provide to transgender and gender diverse youth and reports no new clinical results.
17 citations
,
June 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” In this review, the authors examined guidelines and literature on the non-operative treatment of gender dysphoria, highlighting the importance of personalized, multidisciplinary care, and noting that such treatment is generally safe and effective according to WPATH and Endocrine Society recommendations.
15 citations
,
December 2019 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” This study found that there is a low prevalence and wide variability in U.S. insurance coverage for ancillary gender surgeries, with specific criteria often required for favorable coverage.
11 citations
,
September 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This study found that the incidence of hyperkalemia is low among transgender, gender nonbinary, and gender-nonconforming individuals, particularly those under 45, but increases with age.
11 citations
,
November 2015 in “Skin Research and Technology” This study found that individuals with patterned hair loss, both male and female, showed a slower linear hair growth rate compared to controls with hair of equal thickness.
10 citations
,
August 2022 in “Journal of clinical sleep medicine” This study found that transgender or gender-nonconforming youth experience higher odds of sleep disorders compared to cisgender peers, but gender-affirming therapy may reduce these odds.
10 citations
,
May 2017 in “PLOS ONE” This study found that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was inversely associated with serum ferritin levels in Korean men, positively associated in premenopausal women, and not associated in postmenopausal women.
10 citations
,
January 2017 in “The World Allergy Organization journal” This article collection reviews the significant influence of gender and sexual hormones on allergies and asthma, noting more severe symptoms in females and the role of estrogen.
9 citations
,
July 2024 in “Internal Medicine Journal” This narrative review discusses the initiation and monitoring of gender-affirming hormone therapy in Australia, noting standard testosterone use for trans men and estradiol with anti-androgens for trans women, emphasizing the importance of monitoring cardiovascular and bone health.
9 citations
,
July 2024 in “Anaesthesia” Ensure respectful and inclusive care for transgender and gender-diverse patients during surgery.
9 citations
,
May 2024 in “Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology” This review examines existing evidence on the efficacy and safety of gender affirming hormone therapy in relation to Gender Affirmation Surgery, but reports no new clinical results.
8 citations
,
January 2025 in “Journal of Adolescent Health” In this retrospective cohort study, researchers found that persistent discontinuation of gender-affirming hormones among transgender adolescents was rare, mainly due to achieving gender expression goals or access issues, with very few reidentifying with their birth-assigned sex.
8 citations
,
September 2020 in “Journal of adolescent health” This review discusses strategies for maintaining access to gender-affirming care for gender diverse youth during the COVID-19 pandemic and reports no new clinical results.
8 citations
,
November 2019 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This study highlights the importance of clinicians understanding the effects of gender-affirming hormones like testosterone, estrogen, and antiandrogens on hair growth, to effectively diagnose and treat androgenetic alopecia in gender minority patients.
7 citations
,
May 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology” In this study, testosterone use in gender-minority patients was associated with significantly worse androgenetic alopecia severity scores, while feminizing hormone therapy did not significantly change hair loss severity.
6 citations
,
October 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that Fgf5 mutant mice exhibited longer hair, particularly in males, likely due to a prolonged anagen phase in the hair cycle.
5 citations
,
January 2023 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” This consensus document discusses guidelines for gender-affirming hormone therapy in India, offering recommendations based on a review of existing evidence and expert input, without reporting new clinical results.
5 citations
,
March 2019 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” In this article, the authors reviewed essential terminology and recommendations for creating a welcoming healthcare environment for transgender patients and providing gender-affirming therapy, emphasizing the unique health needs and disparities faced by this population.
4 citations
,
October 2021 in “Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology” This study observed that female pancreatic cancer patients were more likely to experience specific chemotherapy side effects, while younger patients generally faced lower toxicity risks.
4 citations
,
January 2021 in “The Southwest Respiratory and Critical Care Chronicles” This review examines differences in COVID-19 outcomes related to gender and race, suggesting males and racial minorities may face higher mortality and worse outcomes, but calls for further research to understand these disparities as data remains limited.
3 citations
,
February 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study highlights how sex steroids affect hair growth, reporting that testosterone used in masculinizing hormone therapy can lead to androgenetic alopecia in transgender individuals, while feminizing hormone therapy with estradiol and antiandrogens can reduce hirsutism.
3 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study reported that facial moisturizers marketed to women were significantly more expensive than similar products marketed to men, with an average difference of $3.09 per ounce.
2 citations
,
September 2024 in “Animal Cells and Systems” This study found that HBV infection altered steroid metabolism in male mice, significantly increasing levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and reducing dihydrotestosterone, which may suppress viral replication by affecting HBV promoter activity.