40 citations,
November 2011 in “American Journal of Human Biology” Stress from being transgender is linked to higher blood pressure at night and more inflammation, which may affect heart health.
2295 citations,
August 2012 in “The international journal of transgenderism/International journal of transgenderism” The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.
February 2024 in “Hormones” Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.
5 citations,
March 2019 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” The document concludes that gender-affirming treatments are essential for transgender individuals and outlines safe hormone therapy practices.
17 citations,
June 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” The document concludes that non-operative treatment for gender dysphoria is safe and effective, and hormone therapy does not increase cancer risk.
October 2023 in “Paediatrics & child health” The document advises health care providers on how to support transgender and gender-diverse youth with appropriate care and referrals.
22 citations,
January 2015 in “The Cochrane library” DHEA may help with sexual function when used intravaginally by menopausal women but is similar to hormone therapy in other aspects and might cause more side effects like acne and hair loss.
1 citations,
August 2004 in “Alternative & complementary therapies” Non-drug methods like diet, supplements, and aromatherapy can help manage hair loss and its emotional impact.
15 citations,
September 2021 in “Archives of Plastic Surgery” The document concludes that facial feminization surgery improves psychological well-being and social acceptance for transgender individuals.
19 citations,
November 2021 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone may affect COVID-19 severity differently in men and women, potentially influencing prevention and treatment strategies.
17 citations,
February 2020 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” Early medical support for transgender youth is important for their health, with low regret for gender-affirming hormone use and a need for knowledgeable care providers.
162 citations,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
15 citations,
December 2019 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” Most insurance companies do not cover extra gender-affirming surgeries, with coverage being low and inconsistent.
19 citations,
February 2021 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” More research is needed on the health effects of hormone therapy for transgender and nonbinary people.
17 citations,
December 2020 in “Journal of Genetic Counseling” Genetic counselors should be culturally skilled and aware of transgender patients' unique health risks and needs.
6 citations,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
12 citations,
November 2018 in “JAMA Dermatology” Collecting sexual orientation and gender identity data in dermatology can lead to better, more sensitive care for sexual and gender minority patients.
251 citations,
October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
23 citations,
October 2016 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” The document concludes that health care providers should offer culturally competent care and more research is needed to improve health outcomes for transgender individuals.
1 citations,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Minoxidil can help transgender males grow facial hair before starting testosterone therapy.
8 citations,
April 2022 in “Trends in cancer” Hormone therapy affects cancer risks in transgender individuals differently than in cisgender people, and more research is needed to understand these risks and improve cancer screening guidelines.
75 citations,
February 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
28 citations,
December 2017 in “Lasers in Medical Science” Monochromatic light devices, especially the 308-nm excimer laser, are promising for treating alopecia areata but more research is needed.
9 citations,
February 2005 in “The Journal of Men's Health & Gender” Finasteride effectively treats male hair loss, increasing length and thickness.
17 citations,
December 2004 in “The Journal of Men's Health & Gender” Male pattern baldness involves hormone-related hair thinning, shorter hair, and inflammation.
25 citations,
May 2012 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Many Korean patients with hair loss, skin allergies, and psoriasis use alternative medicine, but satisfaction is low.
58 citations,
September 1991 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Women with AGA often face anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem; psychological support is important.
May 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” High aldosterone and free testosterone levels link to female hair loss; testing aldosterone may predict hypertension risk.
62 citations,
April 2004 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Finasteride effectively treats male pattern baldness, improving hair growth and density.
47 citations,
May 2020 in “Cardiovascular Research” The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.