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The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.

Removing part of the vitamin D receptor stops vitamin D from working properly.

Vitamin D receptor interacts with certain dietary components to help prevent diseases and regulate hair growth.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.

The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.

The immune system plays a key role in tissue repair, affecting both healing quality and regenerative ability.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

The document concludes that the fast-growing direct-to-consumer genetic testing market lacks sufficient regulation, posing risks to consumers due to questionable test quality and accuracy.

Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer can cause sexual, physical, and psychological side effects, and doctors should manage these carefully.

Melatonin may help with sleep issues, depression, and cancer, but more research is needed.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

Metformin is effective for treating excessive hair growth in women with PCOS and may work better than the standard treatment in some ways.

Cancer treatments targeting specific cells and the immune system can cause skin, mouth, hair, and nail problems, affecting patients' quality of life and treatment adherence.

Some postmenopausal women with frontal fibrosing alopecia stopped losing hair with finasteride treatment, hinting at a possible hormonal cause.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Flutamide is more effective and has fewer side effects than spironolactone for treating hirsutism.

Latanoprost can make eyelashes longer, thicker, and darker.

Some people with pattern hair loss may also have scalp inflammation and scarring similar to lichen planopilaris.

Tributyltin exposure causes sex changes, sterilization, and decline in the snail Ocinebrina aciculata, risking its extinction.

Too much androgen can cause hair loss; finasteride may help.

Androgens, like testosterone, are crucial for early testicular descent in rats.

Matriptase is crucial for keeping epithelial tissues healthy and functioning properly.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

The document recommends using both clinical evaluation and various measurement methods to assess skin greasiness, considering factors like temperature and hormones.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.