658 citations,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
146 citations,
December 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.
77 citations,
May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.
57 citations,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
40 citations,
November 2011 in “American Journal of Human Biology” Stress from being transgender is linked to higher blood pressure at night and more inflammation, which may affect heart health.
23 citations,
October 2015 in “Andrology” New male hormonal contraceptives show promise but need more research on long-term effects and funding for larger trials.
21 citations,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
19 citations,
May 2020 in “American journal of men's health” Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.
17 citations,
June 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” The document concludes that non-operative treatment for gender dysphoria is safe and effective, and hormone therapy does not increase cancer risk.
16 citations,
November 2021 in “Antioxidants” Managing oxidative stress might help treat low testosterone and related chronic diseases in aging men.
13 citations,
March 2019 in “Physiological Research” Overweight women with PCOS have higher levels of certain hormones that could indicate a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.
7 citations,
January 2019 in “Headache” Hormone therapy may increase migraines in transgender women and decrease them in transgender men; more research is needed on migraine management in transgender individuals.
7 citations,
February 2018 in “Australian Prescriber” Some sports supplements can cause health issues like mood swings, hair loss, and heart problems in men.
1 citations,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.
19 citations,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
5 citations,
May 2018 in “Therapeutic advances in drug safety” Androgen use may increase the risk of stroke, but more research is needed.
August 2023 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Metformin lowers prolactin in women without PCOS but not in those with PCOS, where it reduces other hormones instead.
August 2023 in “Medicina-lithuania” Abusing steroids can damage your heart, muscles, reproductive system, liver, skin, and brain, and may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
55 citations,
July 1999 in “Clinics in Sports Medicine” Athletes use steroids to enhance performance despite health risks and legal issues, and education on their dangers is needed.
35 citations,
October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.
9 citations,
March 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Girls with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are linked to excess hair growth, but these androgens don't help diagnose PCOS.
5 citations,
September 2021 in “Southern African Journal of Hiv Medicine” The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.
Certain drugs can worsen hair loss in people prone to androgenetic alopecia.
October 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” A pineal tumor caused a boy's early puberty, which changed from peripheral to central after treatment.
139 citations,
December 2020 in “Cell Stem Cell” Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.
31 citations,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Women with androgen excess, especially those with PCOS, have a much higher risk of heart disease and stroke.
41 citations,
November 2003 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Male hormones, or androgens, affect women's health in areas like mood and bone density, and hormone replacement therapy using antiandrogenic progestogens can improve mood disorders and alertness in menopausal women.
37 citations,
June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
33 citations,
January 2009 in “Contraception” Chlormadinone acetate is a strong, well-tolerated hormone used in birth control and hormone therapy with benefits for menstrual pain and skin conditions.
18 citations,
March 2009 in “Medical Hypotheses” The document suggests that blocking sweat glands with antiperspirants might allow skin-generated hormones to be absorbed, possibly increasing breast and prostate cancer risk.