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The 25Up study collected extensive data on mental disorders and related factors in Australian twins and siblings to investigate the genetics of psychiatric illnesses.

Hormones and their receptors, especially androgens, play a key role in hair growth and disorders like baldness.

Vitiligo is underreported in medical claims and is linked to certain skin types and autoimmune diseases.

Two new mutations in the AR gene linked to severe androgen insensitivity were found.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

Microneedling is promising for treating various skin issues but needs more research to confirm its effectiveness and safety.

Shift work disrupts the body's natural clock, leading to health problems.

Antiandrogens affect androgen-dependent body functions and are used for various medical conditions, with some risks like fetus feminization, but new forms like 17α-propylmesterolone show promise for acne without systemic effects.

High androgen levels in Chinese women with PCOS are linked to a higher risk of diabetes and obesity.

Lupus can affect the scalp and nails, often causing hair loss and nail damage, and needs early aggressive treatment to prevent permanent damage.

Prostaglandin F2α analogs show promise for treating certain types of hair loss but need more research for other skin conditions.

The article concludes that correctly diagnosing systemic causes of hair loss requires a detailed clinical evaluation and a systematic diagnostic approach.

Older adults have a wide range of skin conditions, with dry skin being very common and many also experiencing skin growths, itching, and infections.

The document emphasizes the need for primary care providers to understand and care for African American children's hair and skin to boost their self-esteem.

All medications can cause skin rashes, often without a clear cause, and better tests are needed to identify these drug-related skin issues.

Severe alopecia areata involves higher levels of certain immune cells, which can be normalized with betamethasone.

Dermal factors are crucial in regulating melanin production in skin.

Skin problems are common in kidney disease, with dry skin and itching in patients not on dialysis or on hemodialysis, and infections most common in transplant recipients.

Dutasteride 0.5mg improves hair growth in 78% of people with hair loss, but may cause sexual problems in some.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Norgestimate is the most effective birth control progestin for reducing an enzyme linked to acne and excessive hair growth in women.

European guidelines recommend regular eye and ear exams, skin care, vitamin D supplements, and cautious use of medications for managing congenital ichthyoses.

Adults with polycystic ovary syndrome are much more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea.

Recognizing oral symptoms can help diagnose and treat blood and nutritional diseases early.

Adrenal disorders can cause lasting brain and behavior issues in children.

EVG staining is a valuable, simple, and cost-effective method for diagnosing various skin conditions in dermatopathology.

Accurate clinical, histological, and genetic methods are key for understanding and treating hair disorders.

Losing eyelashes or eyebrows can be a sign of many different health problems and needs a careful approach to treat effectively.

People with HIV and low T cell counts have more hair and scalp problems.

Oral zinc sulphate reduces dark hair color in mice.