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Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.

Women are more likely to have long-term post-COVID symptoms than men.

Sex hormones affect hair and feather growth and may help manage alopecia and hormone-dependent cancers.

The conclusion is that individual differences in COVID-19 severity are influenced by factors like age, sex, race, and genetics, which are important for personalized medicine.

Sex and sex hormones can affect brain inflammation in Parkinson's disease, with male mice being more affected and female mice showing a protective effect.

Women with PCOS who have low SHBG are more likely to have low good cholesterol and metabolic syndrome.

Measuring reproductive hormones in brown bear hair could help identify their sex and reproductive state, but better collection methods or lab techniques are needed.

Men and women get COVID-19 at similar rates, but men tend to get sicker and have a higher risk of dying, while women usually have stronger immune responses and vaccine reactions.

Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.

Long-term use of finasteride in women can cause hormonal changes, DNA damage, and menstrual issues.

Age affects how certain proteins involved in COVID-19 infection are expressed in mice, but sex hormones and heart injury do not.

Methotrexate side effects vary by race and sex.

Finasteride treatment changes Cx43 in rat testes, possibly causing fertility issues.

WNT10A mutations often cause ectodermal dysplasias, with males showing more tooth issues than females.

Metformin works better for adolescent girls with PCOS who have certain genetic variations.

Genetic risk for PCOS can affect children's growth, metabolism, and development from early life into adulthood.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

Retinoic acid affects male and female muscle energy use and function differently.

Intravaginal testosterone cream improves sexual satisfaction and reduces vaginal discomfort in postmenopausal women on breast cancer treatment without affecting hormone levels.

High doses of norethindrone acetate in rats caused various organ changes but didn't significantly increase tumor rates.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Androgens, male hormones, affect physical and mental functions, with a decrease leading to health issues like muscle loss, bone disease, and depression, and more research is needed on long-term effects and treatments.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, may cause depression, but more research is needed to understand why.

The mouse hairy ears mutation causes longer ear hair due to changes in gene expression.

Testosterone's effects on COVID-19 are unclear and need more research.

Autism's genetics are linked with early age of puberty and less hair loss, but not with hormone levels or polycystic ovary syndrome.

Insulin resistance and high male hormone levels are major causes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Male hormones cause different growth in identical human hair follicles due to their unique epigenetic characteristics.

Age, smoking, and lower BMI increase facial wrinkles; men wrinkle more than women, except in old age; pale skin and certain hormonal factors can protect against wrinkles.

Prenatal stress changes how male and female rats enjoy rewards differently, linked to sex hormones.