32 citations
,
January 2024 in “The Journal of Experimental Medicine” This study found that CXCL12+ fibroblast subsets in mouse skin play a critical role in recruiting neutrophils and defending against S. aureus infection, with similar fibroblast activity observed in human psoriatic skin.
18 citations
,
March 2023 in “Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids” In this study, adding CCL2 protein to organoid cultures helped adult skin cells regain the ability to self-organize and regenerate hair follicles, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.
8 citations
,
January 2015 in “Genetics and Molecular Research” This study found that specific SNPs in the CXCL1 and CXCL2 genes may be associated with increased susceptibility to alopecia areata in the Korean population.
January 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that subcutaneous injection of a CXCL12 neutralizing antibody significantly promoted hair growth in androgenic alopecia and inhibited hair loss in alopecia areata in mouse models, suggesting its potential as a promising treatment for hair loss.
70 citations
,
December 2008 in “Cancer Research” This study found that activating CXCR2 on ras-transformed keratinocytes promotes migration and tumor development in a mouse skin model.
58 citations
,
May 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that topical immunotherapy affects angiogenesis and immune cell ratios in the scalp, potentially offering insights into the mechanisms underlying alopecia areata.
57 citations
,
April 2009 in “Differentiation” This study demonstrates that SDF-1/CXCL12 and CXCR4 signaling play a crucial role in directing the migration and positioning of melanoblasts in mouse hair follicle formation.
17 citations
,
January 2019 in “Annals of Dermatology” This study found that higher serum CXCL10 levels may predict the progression of non-segmental vitiligo, especially in patients also suffering from autoimmune thyroid disease and/or alopecia areata.
7 citations
,
October 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” In this study, researchers prepared a humanized CXCL12 antibody for alopecia areata treatment, finding it significantly delayed disease onset in mice and reduced immune cell activation, suggesting potential as an immune modulatory therapy.
6 citations
,
July 2021 in “Microbial biotechnology” This study found that combining LED yellow light with an engineered strain expressing CXCL12 improved wound healing and reduced inflammation in a mouse model of scald wounds.
3 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology” In this study, increased production of CXCL10 was associated with the infiltration of Th1 and Tc1 cells in acute alopecia areata, suggesting a possible new target for treatment.
April 2026 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This study concluded that the CXCL12–CXCR4 signaling pathway significantly contributes to hair loss in androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata by promoting inflammation and fibrosis, whereas inhibiting this pathway can restore hair growth and follicle health.
March 2026 in “Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences” This study found that exosomes derived from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells modulated inflammatory biomarkers by decreasing CXCL12 and increasing IL-10 expression in a DHT-induced androgenic alopecia mouse model, indicating potential for treating hair loss through immunoregulation.
December 2025 in “Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences” This study observed that FOXA1 and CCL2 gene expression levels were significantly elevated in women with different PCOS phenotypes compared to healthy controls, indicating phenotype-specific molecular variations which could inform personalized treatment strategies for infertility in PCOS.
October 2025 in “Cell Reports” This study found that regulatory T cells accumulate in hair follicle epithelium via the Cxcr4-Cxcl12 axis, partially influenced by glucocorticoid receptor signaling, promoting hair regeneration; similar mechanisms were observed in human and murine skin.
July 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that blocking the chemokine CXCL12 in a testosterone-induced mouse model of androgenetic alopecia restored hair regeneration and reduced fibrosis and immune alterations.
April 2025 in “ALEXMED ePosters” This study reported that CXCL12 may have a dual role in alopecia areata, where decreased levels could impair angiogenesis and disrupt vascular support to hair follicles, while its overexpression might exacerbate autoimmune attacks on hair follicles, contributing to hair loss.
December 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study observed that CXCL12 is highly co-expressed with androgen receptors in human hair follicle cells, and its inhibition via antibodies increased hair length, suggesting a potential treatment strategy for androgenic alopecia.
April 2022 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy” This study found that CXCL12 inhibits hair growth via the CXCR4/STAT signaling pathway, suggesting that targeting this pathway could be a promising approach for promoting hair growth.
June 2017 in “Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine” In a depilated mouse model, this study found that blocking CXCL4 activity with an anti-CXCL4 monoclonal antibody promoted hair growth by inducing an earlier anagen phase, delaying hair follicle regression, and altering expression of genes and proteins related to hair growth and cell proliferation.
September 2025 in “Genes” In this study, researchers reported that specific gene polymorphisms in Jiangnan cashmere goats, particularly SNPs in the HOXC13 and WNT4 genes, were significantly associated with key economic traits like birth weight and yearling weight, providing molecular markers for breeding and enhancing economic trait stability.
236 citations
,
April 2015 in “Cell” This study found that patterned hair plucking in mice triggers a collective regeneration response in nearby unplucked hair follicles via a quorum sensing mechanism involving immune signaling.
48 citations
,
January 2012 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study identified chemokine receptor ligands cxcl10 and cxcl11 as new hair-specific transcriptional targets of the Eda pathway, suggesting chemokine signaling plays a role in primary hair follicle patterning.
22 citations
,
August 2009 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” This study found that a composition including Serenoa repens extract and anti-inflammatory agents effectively suppressed inflammation-related gene expression in a keratinocyte model, suggesting a potential dual strategy for treating androgenetic alopecia.
16 citations
,
September 2020 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” This review explores the role of neutrophil recruitment in the inflammation seen in hidradenitis suppurativa and emphasizes potential therapeutic targets within these pathways, but it reports no new clinical results.
6 citations
,
April 2025 in “Communications Biology” In this study, researchers used a murine model of irritant contact dermatitis to reveal that hair follicle regions serve as key sites for neutrophil transepidermal migration, which requires MMP-9 expression stimulated by dermal monocytes.
6 citations
,
November 2019 in “The application of clinical genetics” This study identified a significant genetic association between the TNFα gene and alopecia areata susceptibility in the Jordanian Arab population.
6 citations
,
November 2023 in “JCI Insight” In mouse models, this study showed that transplanted dermal papilla and dermal sheath cells can integrate into hair follicles, promoting hair growth and extended anagen phases, with their effectiveness influenced by factors such as immune response and cell passage number.
5 citations
,
October 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” This study examined aging hair follicle stem cells in mice and found that inflammation reduction in dermal white adipose tissue can stimulate regenerative behavior, highlighting its role in hair follicle aging.
4 citations
,
September 2024 in “Cell Reports” This study found that mice lacking the CXCR2 receptor regenerated tissue scarlessly in various injury models and that administering plasma or G-CSF from these mice to wild-type mice also reduced scarring, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies to improve human skin wound healing.