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This study found that as Japanese women age, their hair cuticle becomes more prone to damage, shifting from type L to type E damage patterns, and hair surface properties, including fatty acid content, deteriorate.

The authors reported a possible association between the use of etanercept and the development of trichorrhexis nodosa, a hair shaft disorder, in a patient without apparent external causes.

Frequent hairdryer use may worsen hair fragility in people with Pili Annulati.

This study found that chemically treated hair, particularly when subjected to both acid straightening and bleaching, experiences more significant structural damage when exposed to heat, highlighting key changes in both the internal and surface components of hair fibers.

This study found that the weak tensile strength of pili torti hair may result from loose keratin intermediate filaments due to abnormalities in disulfide bonds.

The study found that pili bifurcati causes hair to intermittently split into two branches, each with its own outer layer.

This case report details a 3-year-old girl with short anagen syndrome, characterized by short, sparse hair, where X-ray microanalysis showed her hair's main bioelements were normal.

This case study describes a 14-year-old girl with pili annulati who had fragile hair, which may be due to cavities within the hair shafts as seen in electron microscopic examinations.

In this study, researchers found that chemical treatments like bleaching can cause severe damage to the hair cuticle, with previously modified hair showing complete deterioration compared to the partial degradation seen in virgin hair, highlighting the need for mindful cosmetic practices.

This study found considerable variation in hair shaft proteomic profiles among Caucasian, African-American, Kenyan, and Korean subjects, with individual and site-specific differences observed.

This study used proteomic profiling to reveal significant individual and site-specific differences in human hair shaft proteins, which may improve the differentiation of hair based on ethnic origin and individual identity.

This review examines hair shaft disorders, reporting limited evidence for treatments like minoxidil and oral retinoids, and emphasizes gentle hair care and genetic counseling for managing congenital cases.

This review discusses the prognosis and treatment options for hair shaft disorders, finding no studies but suggesting some disorders improve with specific treatments like minoxidil and retinoids, while gentle hair care remains essential.

Hair damage shows as fragility, dullness, and discoloration, varies by ethnicity, and is worsened by cosmetic procedures and diseases.

In this study, researchers observed that mice with the naked gene showed frequent absence of hair cuticle and cortical cells during follicle growth, with abnormal keratin deposition also noted.

This study found that sonography and electron microscopy revealed distinct abnormalities in hair follicle morphology in patients with androgenetic alopecia, which may aid in diagnosing and managing the condition.

This review discusses the role of hair microscopy in diagnosing alopecia, stating that while it excludes diagnoses related to hair breakage, it only confirms nonspecific short anagen in alopecia cases.

This article reviews hair and nail disorders in children, emphasizing their prevalence, congenital and acquired origins, and the diagnostic challenges compared to treatment, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the potential risks and effects of chemical relaxers on hair and scalp health, reporting no new clinical results; the authors emphasize dermatologist guidance to mitigate these issues.

Hair fibers break by cuticle cell slipping, shape changing, cuticle fraying, and surface cracking when stretched under specific conditions.

In this study, researchers developed enzymatic methods to isolate hair cuticle cells and remove the hair cuticle layer, finding that the harvested cuticle cells are thermally more stable and contain different structural proteins compared to descaled hair fibers.

This study found that K17 is crucial for the structural integrity and survival of hair-producing cells, with K17 null mice developing alopecia due to hair fragility and follicular alterations.

This study found that defective cross-linking in hair cuticles is observable in a minority of mouse hair mutants, suggesting different proteins are involved in cross-linking across cell types.

This article reviews the diagnostic process for hair problems, emphasizing the importance of thorough patient evaluation and communication but reports no new clinical results.

Elkonyxis, a rare nail condition, improved when patients stopped their nail-picking habits.

This study reports that discontinuing blow drying improved hair loss in two women with vacuolization in their hair shafts, suggesting a potential link between heat styling and alopecia.

This article provides a diagnostic guide for clinicians to differentiate between various hair shaft disorders by using a structured question-by-question approach but does not report new clinical findings.

This study found that VEGF-deficient keratinocytes can form tumors using different aneuploidy and signaling patterns, highlighting VEGF's role beyond angiogenesis in tumor cell growth and survival.

This study observed that repeated low-depth microneedling in patients with androgenetic alopecia led to initial hair improvement but subsequently caused hair-shaft fragility and breakage, suggesting iatrogenic damage.

In this study, a 3-year-old Japanese child with autosomal recessive woolly hair was found to have a distinctive irregular and rough cuticle on the hair shaft, along with a homozygous pathogenic LIPH variant, suggesting a critical role for genetic analysis in understanding rare hair conditions.