October 2023 in “International journal of women’s dermatology” This study observed that while hair camouflage techniques can boost confidence and reduce stigma for Black women with alopecia, they can also contribute to further hair damage; clinicians should consider safer styling practices as part of individualized care strategies.
January 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This report discusses the Ninth World Congress for Hair Research and highlights the potential of hair follicle studies to advance understanding of various diseases, with no new clinical results presented.
1 citations
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April 2022 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” This study suggests that curl pattern classification could help improve patient communication and risk stratification in hair loss disorders, but its clinical utility in dermatology needs further validation.
September 2025 in “Cosmetics” In this study, researchers found that the lipid composition in hair significantly affects water diffusion and may explain differences in dyeing and cosmetic treatment responses between Asian and European hair, with CP2 fibers having more lipids than CP3 fibers.
November 2024 in “Journal of Microscopy” This study found that micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was highly effective for analyzing the cross-sectional geometry of hair fibres, including the medulla in highly curled hair, but less effective than scanning electron microscopy for surface details.
January 2024 in “World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany” Polisorbate 20 is not suitable for curl creams due to instability.
March 2018 in “Journal of Experimental Biology” This study found that the curl in hair is due to the arrangement of different cell types, with shorter paracortical cells inside the curve and longer orthocortical cells outside.
January 2007 in “Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference” New resin B makes artificial hair fibers hold curls longer than traditional resin A.
16 citations
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June 2017 in “PLoS ONE” This small study reports that a 6-group geometric classification method is more reliable for classifying human hair curl, although a digital system could further reduce errors.
July 2026 in “Open Minds International Journal” This review suggests that multifunctional cosmetic systems, particularly HIVEN Curl Code ®, may help control frizz and maintain curl definition in highly curly hair by utilizing various conditioning and biofunctional ingredients.
April 2026 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study reports that specific hair care practices common among individuals with high-curl-pattern hair could exacerbate seborrheic dermatitis, presenting significant treatment challenges and psychological impacts, and emphasizes the need for further research to tailor culturally sensitive solutions.
95 citations
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January 2007 in “Human biology” This study proposes a new, objective method to classify human hair into eight categories based on specific shape measurements, rather than traditional ethnicity-based classifications.
8 citations
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November 2022 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This review discusses the limitations of current hair classification systems and highlights the need for standardized reporting of key hair characteristics to improve study comparisons; it reports no new results.
2 citations
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July 2013 in “Acervo Digital da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Universidade Estadual Paulista)” This study found that the shampoo formulation with Polyurethane-14 and AMP-acrylates copolymer improved curl definition and reduced frizz and volume in natural and curly hair tresses compared to the control.
2 citations
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September 2010 in “Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society” This study found that increasing collagen concentration to 2% in permanent wave treatments reduced hair damage but impaired curl formation.
This article proposes a methodology for selecting hair extension technology that aligns with natural hair structure and aesthetic goals, suggesting the best results are achieved by matching technique to hair's mechanical capacity.
September 2015 in “The European physical journal. E, Soft matter and biological physics/The European physical journal. E, Soft matter” In this study, a mechanical model was developed to describe and validate the effectiveness of overnight hair curling, suggesting that combining it with hair fixatives can maintain a desired curl for over a day.
October 2012 in “한국미용학회지” This study suggests that after perm treatments, sufficient application of keratin and ceramide after middle rinsing enhances curl formation while considering hair health.
85 citations
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October 2007 in “International Journal of Dermatology” In this study, researchers found that the curliness of human hair is associated with an asymmetric structure at the cellular level, particularly in the differentiation of the precortex.
20 citations
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May 1992 in “The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology” This article discusses patient selection and procedural design for hair transplant surgery without reporting new clinical results; it also considers how hair transplant designs can align with various hairstyles.
13 citations
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October 2008 in “PubMed” This study examined hair curvature in Japanese women, finding that 47% have curved hair, and identified structural differences in hair fiber, which resemble those in wool fibers.
2 citations
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March 2014 in “Dermatologic Clinics” The editor suggests removing "race" and "ethnicity" from dermatology and creating tools to objectively assess skin color and hair texture.
May 2023 in “Accounts of chemical research” This study aimed to identify new quantitative geometric and mechanical parameters for curly and kinky hair using various microscopy and mechanical analysis methods, revealing correlations between hair fiber geometry and mechanical performance to enhance personal care product development and promote cultural inclusion.
May 2010 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” A mutation in the KRT74 gene causes woolly hair by affecting hair texture.
January 2006 in “Seibutsu Butsuri” Curly and straight hair differ in how their internal fibers are arranged.
September 1997 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This article reviews different grafting strategies for hair restoration surgery in extensive baldness and suggests uniform density grafting offers less detectable results, especially under adverse grooming conditions.
7 citations
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August 2018 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This study found that chemical hair straightening significantly reduced hair curl and improved smoothness and shine, but did not significantly affect transverse fissures or split ends, indicating potential benefits with some side effects.
July 2024 in “JAAD Case Reports” This study reported three cases where patients experienced changes in hair curl patterns after acute lupus alopecia and alopecia areata, with baseline hair texture restored following medical treatment.
7 citations
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January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery” This study found that beard and body hair can be used as additional donor sources for scalp transplants in androgenic alopecia, retaining their original color, curl, and calibre.
September 2019 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” This study tested the effects of protective pre-treatments on African hair and found that these treatments, combined with moderate grooming, may help maintain cuticle integrity.