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Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Removing part of the vitamin D receptor stops vitamin D from working properly.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Menopause can lead to skin and hair problems due to hormonal changes, but hormone replacement therapy might help slow these effects.

Different types of skin cells have unique genetic markers that affect how likely they are to spread cancer.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

Accurate diagnosis and effective oral treatment are key to managing tinea capitis and preventing its spread.

Bioprinting could improve wound healing but needs more development to match real skin.

Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.

Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.

Aging causes skin stem cells to work less effectively.

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

Taxane chemotherapy can cause skin, hair, and nail side effects, which are often under-reported and can affect patient quality of life.

Estrogen replacement can improve skin health in menopausal women but doesn't reverse sun damage or prevent hair loss.

Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.

Facial feminization surgery is effective in helping transgender women appear more feminine and has high patient satisfaction.

Early detection and intensive treatment of diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus toxins are crucial for reducing severe health effects.

Coal tar shampoos, salicylic acid, and topical corticosteroids are effective for scalp psoriasis, with Vitamin D3 analogues also showing benefits; severe cases may require stronger medication with more risks.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.