42 citations
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November 2018 in “Archives of dermatological research” Apremilast was not effective in treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata.
This study reviews current pharmacological treatments for alopecia, highlighting minoxidil, 5α-reductase inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, and other agents, and notes ongoing research aimed at improving their effectiveness and safety profiles.
3 citations
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September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review discusses the complex role of immune disturbances and the JAK-STAT pathway in alopecia areata, noting the success of JAK inhibitors in treatment, while highlighting ongoing debates and challenges in targeting other pathways like IL-17 and TNF-α.
30 citations
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May 2016 in “Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy” This review discusses immune pathways involved in alopecia areata and explores emerging, more targeted therapeutic strategies, noting their potential for better safety and effectiveness compared to traditional immune suppressants.
2 citations
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June 2022 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This case report highlights the onset of alopecia areata following dupilumab treatment, noting the significant temporal link between the medication use and hair loss occurrence.